放射防护领域的新进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据国际辐射单位与测量委员会(ICRU)、联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会(UNSCEAR)和国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)等权威国际组织不断演进的新出版物,归纳揭示出电离辐射量体系、放射生物学效应和放射防护体系等构成放射防护三大重要基础的新进展;同时本文第四部分扼要评述影响面很广的热点课题医疗照射防护的新进展。

关键词: 放射防护, 电离辐射剂量学, 放射生物学效应, 放射防护体系, 医疗照射, 新进展

Abstract: Based on the evolution of new publications by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements(ICRU),the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation(UNSCEAR)and the International Commission on Radiological Protection(ICRP),this paper reveals new progress of the ionizing radiation quantity system,radiological biological effects and radiological protection system which form the basis of radiological protection discipline. Thus it can grasp the development trend of radiological protection field. The fourth part of this article reviews the new progress of medical exposure protection,and it is closely related to all the public in the field of radiological protection.

Key words: radiological protection, ionizing radiation dosimetry, radiological biological effects, radiological protection system, medical exposure, new progress

中图分类号:

郑钧正. 放射防护领域的新进展[J]. 辐射防护, 2016, 36(6): 393-407.

Zheng Junzheng. New progress in the field of radiological protection[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2016, 36(6): 393-407.

参考文献

[1] ICRP. The 2007 recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection [M]. ICRP Publication 103. Oxford:Pergamon Press,2007.
[2] 郑钧正. 关于电离辐射防护学科的定位与内涵[J]. 辐射防护通讯,2015,35(3):1-5.
[3] 郑钧正. 电离辐射量体系的发展概要评述[J]. 中国职业医学,2010,37(5):420-422.
[4] ICRU. Radiation quantities and units[M].ICRU Report 33. Oxford University Press,1980.
[5] ICRU. Quantities and units in radiation protection dosimetry[M]. ICRU Report 51. Oxford University Press,1993.
[6] ICRU. Fundamental quantities and units for ionizing radiation[M]. ICRU Report 85. Oxford University Press,2011.
[7] 郑钧正.电离辐射量体系的新进展[J]. 辐射防护通讯,2012,32(5):44-46.
[8] 郑钧正,卓维海. 各相关领域实用的六类电离辐射量[J]. 辐射防护,2011,31(2):115-128.
[9] 郑钧正,曾志. 常用四对剂量学量的主要区别和相互关联[J]. 辐射防护,2011,31(1):50-56.
[10] ICRU.Measurement quality assurance for ionizing radiation dosimetry[M]. ICRU Report 76. Oxford University Press,2006.
[11] ICRU. Dosimetry systems for use in radiation processing[M]. ICRU Report 80. Oxford University Press,2008.
[12] 郑钧正.关注CT普及应用所凸显的医疗照射问题[J]. 世界医疗器械(IMD), 2015,21(1):41-44.
[13] ICRU. Radiation dosimetry and image quality assessment in computed tomography[M]. ICRU Report 87. Oxford University Press,2012.
[14] 郑钧正. 联合国原子辐射效应科学委员会及其报告书概览[J].辐射防护通讯,2011, 31(6):32-38.
[15] UNSCEAR. Biological mechanisms of radiation actions at low doses[M]. New York:UN,2012.
[16] UNSCEAR. Developments since the 2013 UNSCEAR report on the levels and effects of radiation exposure due to the nuclear accident following the great east-Japan earthquake and tsunami[M]. New York:UN,2015.
[17] UNSCEAR. Ionizing radiation:levels and effects[M]. UNSCEAR 1972 Report. New York:UN,1972.
[18] UNSCEAR . Sources and effects of ionizing radiation[M]. UNSCEAR 2000 Report. New York:UN, 2000.
[19] UNSCEAR. Hereditary effects of ionizing radiation[M]. UNSCEAR 2001 Report. New York:UN, 2001.
[20] UNSCEAR. Summary of low-dose radiation effects on health[M]. UNSCEAR 2010 Report.New York:UN,2011 .
[21] UNSCEAR. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation[M]. UNSCEAR 2008 Report. New York:UN,Vol.Ⅰ,2010;Vol.Ⅱ,2011.
[22] 郑钧正. 联合国原子辐射效应科学委员会2008年报告书概述[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2012, 32(4):39-43.
[23] James D Watson(沃森),Tania A.Bajer,Alexander Gann,et al. 基因的分子生物学[M].杨焕明,译. 北京:科学出版社,2009.
[24] Virendra Kumar,Yuhua Gu,Satrajit Basu,et al.Radiomics:the process and the challenges[J]. Magnetic Resonance Imaging,2012,30(9):1 234-1 248.
[25] UNSCEAR.Effects of ionizing radiation[M]. UNSCEAR 2006 Report. New York:UN,Vol.Ⅰ,2008;Vol.Ⅱ,2009.
[26] 郑钧正. 从基因组学到放射组学的启示(专家论坛)[J]. 医学研究杂志,2016,45(2):1-4.
[27] UNSCEAR . Sources,effects and risks of ionizing radiation[M]. UNSCEAR 2012 Report. New York:UN,2015 .
[28] UNSCEAR . Sources,effects and risks of ionizing radiation[M]. UNSCEAR 2013 Report. New York:UN,Vol.Ⅰ,2014; Vol.Ⅱ,2013 .
[29] 李德平. ICRP和辐射防护的发展——祝贺ICRP诞生70周年[J]. 辐射防护,1998,18(5-6):447-455.
[30] 郑钧正. ICRP出版物不断更新的进展概况[J]. 辐射防护,2010 ,30(6):387-390.
[31] ICRP. ICRP statement on tissue reactions and early and late effects of radiation in normal tissues and organs-Threshold doses for tissue reactions in a radiation protection context[M]. ICRP Publication 118. Oxford:Pergamon press,2012.
[32] ICRP. Radiological protection against radon exposure [M]. ICRP Publication 126. Oxford:Pergamon Press,2014.
[33] ICRP. Stem cell biology with respect to carcinogenesis aspects of radiological protection [M]. ICRP Publication 131. Oxford:Pergamon Press,2015.
[34] ICRP. Recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection [M]. ICRP Publication 26. Oxford:Pergamon Press,1977.
[35] ICRP.The 1990 recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection [M]. ICRP Publication 60. Oxford:Pergamon Press,1991.
[36] 郑钧正,李君利. ICRP放射防护基本建议书的演进及其启示[J]. 辐射防护通讯,2008,28(6):1-8.
[37] EC,FAO,IAEA,et al. Radiation protection and safety of radiation sources:international basic safety standards(IBSS)[M]. IAEA Safety Standards Series GSR Part 3. Vienna:IAEA,2014.
[38] 郑钧正. 国际基本安全标准的演进[J]. 辐射防护,2015,35(6):356-366.
[39] Lindell B. The risk philosophy of radiation protection[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry,1996, 68(3-4):157-163.
[40] 中华人民共和国卫生部. GBZ/T 146—2002 医疗照射放射防护名词术语[S]. 北京:法律出版社, 2002.
[41] 郑钧正. 电离辐射医学应用的防护与安全[M]. 北京:原子能出版社,2009.
[42] ICRP. Radiological protection in medicine [M]. ICRP Publication 105. Oxford:Pergamon Press, 2008.
[43] 郑钧正. ICRU技术报告进展[J]. 辐射防护通讯,2010,30(2):45-46.
[44] 郑钧正. 医疗照射防护是现代社会必须充分重视与强化的热点课题[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(10):755-757.
[45] 《简明不列颠百科全书》中美联合编审委员会. 简明不列颠百科全书,第5卷 [M]. 北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1986:459.
[46] 郑钧正. 多学科复合促进发展低剂量成像技术[J]. 世界复合医学,2015,1(创刊号):3-10.
[47] 郑钧正,贺青华,李述唐,等. “九五”期间全国医疗照射水平调查研究[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2000,20(增刊):s2-s7.
[48] 郑钧正,高林峰,卓维海,等.上海市放射诊疗发展趋势与医疗照射防护研究[J]. 辐射防护,2014,34(5):265-273.
[49] 郑钧正.放射诊疗基本信息资源的开发与利用[J].世界医疗器械(IMD),2010,16(8):93-95.
[50] ICRP. Managing patient dose in computed tomography[M]. ICRP Publication 87. Oxford:Pergamon Press,2001.
[51] NCRP. Ionizing radiation exposure of the population of the united states[M]. NCRP Publication 160.Bethesda MD:NCRP,2009.
[52] Hart D,Wall BF. UK population dose from medical X-ray examinations[J].Eur J Radiol,2004,50(3):285-291.
[53] Nishizawa K,Matsumoto M,Iwai K,et al. Survey of CT practice in Japan and collective effective dose estimation[J].Nippon Acta Radio,2004,64(3):151-158.
[54] Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe. Special communication:global statement defining interventional radiology [J]. Cardiovascular Interventional Radiology,2010,33:672-674.
[55] ICRP. Avoidance of radiation injuries from medical interventional procedures[M]. ICRP Publication 85. Oxford:Pergamon Press,2000.
[56] 白玫,刘彬,郑钧正,等. 两种介入放射学(CA和PTCA)所致患者辐射剂量研究[J]. 中国医学影像技术,2007,23(12):1 876-1 881.
[57] 姚杰,郑钧正,高林峰,等.上海市介入放射学应用现状的调查研究[J]. 辐射防护,2014,34(5):281-287.
[58] IAEA. Establishing guidance levels in X-ray guided medical interventional procedures:a pilot study[M]. IAEA Safety Reports Series No.59. Vienna:IAEA, 2009.
[59] IAEA. Applying radiation safety standards in diagnostic radiology and interventional procedures using X-rays[M]. IAEA Safety Reports Series No.39. Vienna:IAEA,2006.
[60] IAEA. Patient dose optimization in fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures[M]. IAEA-TECDOC-1641. Vienna:IAEA,2010.