基于蒙特卡罗方法的航空机组人员辐射剂量评估

辐射防护 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 442-449.

基于蒙特卡罗方法的航空机组人员辐射剂量评估

邬仁耀¹, 耿长冉^1,2,3, 田锋¹, 刘缓¹, 汤晓斌^1,2,3

1.南京航空航天大学核科学与技术系,南京 211106;
2.空间核技术应用与辐射防护工业和信息化部重点实验室,南京 211106;
3.南京航空航天大学先进粒子放射治疗国际合作联合实验室,南京 211106

收稿日期:2021-09-17 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-10-17
通讯作者: 耿长冉。E-mail: gengchr@nuaa.edu.cn
作者简介:邬仁耀(1998—),男,2020年毕业于南京航空航天大学核科学与技术专业,现为南京航空航天大学核科学与技术专业研究生。E-mail: wurenyao@nuaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上基金(No. 11975123)。

Aircrew radiation dose assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation

WU Renyao¹, GENG Changran^1,2,3, TIAN Feng¹, LIU Huan¹, TANG Xiaobin^1,2,3

1. Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016;
2. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautic (Nanjing University ofAeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Nanjing 210016;
3. Joint InternationalResearch Laboratory on Advanced Particle Therapy, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016

Received:2021-09-17 Online:2022-09-20 Published:2022-10-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用辐射仿真人体面元模型和数字化飞机模型,基于蒙特卡罗方法开展了航空机组人员的航空辐射剂量研究。选取昆明至北京航线为例,评估了航空机组人员在该航线飞行时受到的航空辐射有效剂量率,分析了人体参数对航空辐射有效剂量率的影响,并探索了航线参数变化时机组人员受到的航空辐射有效剂量率的变化。结果表明,机组人员在昆明至北京航线受到的航空辐射有效剂量率为2.114 μSv/h,基于中国人参考生理特征的体模和高加索人体参数体模的有效剂量率评估结果差异为25.3%;航线参数中航线的高度是最主要的影响因素,14 km飞行高度的航空辐射有效剂量率达到10 km高度时的1.8倍,同时,航线纬度升高时,机组人员受到的航空辐射有效剂量率也会产生显著的提升。该研究对航空机组人员的辐射剂量评估具有一定的参考和指导意义。

关键词: 航空辐射, 蒙特卡罗方法, 辐射仿真人体模型, 辐射防护

Abstract: Based on the Monte Carlo method, the radiation dose of aviation crew was studied by using mesh polygon based radiation computational phantom and digital aircraft model. The air route from Kunming to Beijing was selected as an example, the effective dose rate of aviation radiation received by air crew during flight on this route was calculated, the influence of human parameters on the effective dose rate was analyzed, and the variation of effective dose rate received by air crew when the flight route parameters were changed was explored. The results show that the effective dose rate of the crew on the route from Kunming to Beijing is 2.114 μSv/h, the difference of effective dose rate between radiation computational phantom based on Chinese reference physiological characteristics and Caucasian parameter body model is 25.3%. Among the route parameters, the altitude of the route is the most important influencing factor, the effective dose rate of aviation radiation at a flight altitude of 14 km is 1.8 times that at a flight altitude of 10 km. When the latitude of the airline increases, the effective dose rate of aviation radiation received by the aircrew will also significantly increase. This work will provide a certain degree of reference and guidance for radiation dose assessment of aviation crew.

Key words: aviation radiation, Monte Carlo method, radiation computational phantom, radiation protection

中图分类号:

TL99

邬仁耀, 耿长冉, 田锋, 刘缓, 汤晓斌. 基于蒙特卡罗方法的航空机组人员辐射剂量评估[J]. 辐射防护, 2022, 42(5): 442-449.

WU Renyao, GENG Changran, TIAN Feng, LIU Huan, TANG Xiaobin. Aircrew radiation dose assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2022, 42(5): 442-449.

参考文献

[1] Heinrich W, Roesler S, Schraube H. Physics of cosmic radiation fields[J]. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 1999, 86(4): 253-258.
[2] Aw J J. Cosmic radiation and commercial air travel[J]. Journal of Travel Medicine, 2003, 10(1): 19-28.
[3] 耿长冉, 汤晓斌, 谢芹, 等. 空间辐射环境及人体剂量蒙特卡罗模拟[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2012, 24(12): 3028-3032.
GENG Changran, TANG Xiaobin, XIE Qin, et al. Space radiation environment and human dose calculation based on Monte Carlo method[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2012, 24(12): 3028-3032.
[4] Gaisser T K. Cosmic rays and particle physics[J]. Comments on Nuclear and Particle Physics, 1982, 11(1): 25-39.
[5] ICRP. Radiological protection from cosmic radiation in aviation[J]. ICRP Publication 132.Annals of the ICRP, 2016,45(1):5-48.
[6] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 空勤人员宇宙辐射控制标准:GBZ 140—2002[S]. 北京:中华人民共和国卫生部,2002:6.
[7] Ferrari A, Pelliccioni M, Villari R. Evaluation of the influence of aircraft shielding on the aircrew exposure through an aircraft mathematical model[J]. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2004,108(2):91-105.
[8] Matthiä D, Meier M M, Reitz G. Numerical calculation of the radiation exposure from galactic cosmic rays at aviation altitudes with the PANDOCA core model[J]. Space Weather, 2014,12(3):161-171.
[9] Prado A, Pazianotto M T, Gonçalez O L, et al. Investigation of the influence of the position inside a small aircraft on the cosmic-radiation-induced dose[J]. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2017,176(3):217-225.
[10] White D R, Buckland-Wright J C, Griffith R V, et al. ICRU Report 48: Phantoms and computational models in therapy, diagnosis and protection[J]. Journal of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, 1992, os25(1,15): NP-NP.
[11] 耿长冉. 辐射仿真人体面元模型的建立及其质子治疗和空间辐射剂量学应用[D]. 南京航空航天大学, 2016.
[12] GENG C, TANG X, HOU X, et al. Development of Chinese hybrid radiation adult phantoms and their application to external dosimetry[J]. Science China Technological Sciences, 2014,57(4):713-719.
[13] GENG C, TANG X, GONG C, et al. A Monte Carlo-based radiation safety assessment for astronauts in an environment with confined magnetic field shielding[J]. Journal of Radiological Protection, 2015,35(4):777-788.
[14] 中国医学科学院放射医学研究所. 辐射防护用参考人第1部分:体格参数:GBZ/T 200.1—2007[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2008.
[15] Valentin J. Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values[J]. ICRP Publication 89.Annals of the ICRP, 2002, 32(3-4): 1-277.
[16] Valentin J. ICRP Publication 103. The 2007 recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection[J]. Health Phys, 2008, 95(4): 445-446.
[17] Sato T. Analytical model for estimating terrestrial cosmic ray fluxes nearly anytime and anywhere in the world: extension of PARMA/EXPACS[J]. PloS One, 2015,10(12):e144679.
[18] Sato T. Analytical model for estimating the zenith angle dependence of terrestrial cosmic ray fluxes[J]. PloS One, 2016,11(8):e160390.
[19] Schraube H, Heinrich W, Leuthold G, et al. Aviation route dose calculation and its numerical basis[C]//Proceedings of 10th International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association, Hiroshima, Japan, T-4-4, P-la-45, 1-9.
[20] Chen J, Lewis B J, Bennett L G I, et al. Estimated neutron dose to embryo and foetus during commercial flight[J]. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2005, 114(4): 475-480.
[21] Alpat B, Menichelli M, D Caraffini, et al. Background estimation in MXGS apparatus on international space station[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2010, 57(4):2010-2016.
[22] Agostinelli S, Allison J, Amako K, et al. Geant4—A simulation toolkit[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2003, 506(3): 250-303.
[23] Bottollier-Depois J F, Blanchard P, Clairand I, et al. An operational approach for aircraft crew dosimetry: the SIEVERT system[J]. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2007, 125(1-4): 421-424.
[24] Latocha M, Beck P, Rollet S. AVIDOS—A software package for European accredited aviation dosimetry[J]. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2009, 136(4): 286-290.
[25] Seco J, Verhaegen F. Monte Carlo techniques in radiation therapy[M]. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2013.
[26] 中国民用航空总局.大型飞机公共航空运输承运人运行合格审定规则:CCAR-121FS-R2[S].北京:中国民用航空总局, 2005:2.
[27] ICRP. Conversion coefficients for radiological protection quantities for external radiation exposures[J]. ICRP Publication 116.Annals of the ICRP, 2010, 40(2-5): 1-257.
[28] Meier M M, Matthiä D. Assessment of the skin dose for aircrew[J]. Journal of Radiological Protection, 2017, 37(2): 321.