吸收法在强激光与固体靶所致脉冲X射线能谱测量中的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 脉冲 X 射线能谱测量,对于强激光装置中的物理诊断以及辐射防护具有重要意义。脉冲X射线具有脉冲时间短、注量大、能谱范围宽等特点,常规脉冲测量技术往往受到探测器死时间、堆积效应的限制而无法适用。目前多个国家都建立了强激光装置的研究平台,并开展X射线能谱测量相关研究。本文首先介绍了基于吸收法原理且适用于中低能脉冲 X 射线的测量方法:Ross Pair 法和衰减法。然后针对这两种方法从5个方面(探测器结构、滤片材料、探测介质选择、散射控制以及解谱方法)综述了脉冲 X 射线吸收谱仪的研究进展,并分析了各自的适用性。目前激光装置中脉冲 X 射线能谱的测量还面临着能量分辨率不理想、结果不确定度无法量化和被动式能谱测量操作不便等问题。随着激光装置的不断升级,脉冲X 射线注量以及打靶频次将不断增加, 对探测器的耐辐照性能以及响应速度提出了更高的要求。

关键词: 超短超强激光, 脉冲X射线, 吸收法, 能谱

Abstract: The measurement of pulsed X-ray energy spectrum in ultra-short and ultra-intense laser facility is of great significance and reference value in the field of diagnosis and radiation protection. Presently many countries have established ultra-short and ultra-intense laser facility research platforms, and plenty of research have been conducted in this area. This paper introduces Ross Pair and differential absorption methods, which are commonly used in low and medium energy spectrum measurement for pulsed X-ray produced by laser-solid interaction. This paper also reviews the research progress and applicability of these two methods in recent years from the aspects of detector structure, filter material selection, detection medium selection, scattering control, and unfolding methods, with the aim to provide a reference for domestically related research and application. The detector structure based on absorption method mainly includes stack and array designs: stack design is more suitable for the angular distribution measurement of energy spectrum, while to some extent array design could control X-ray scattering and give evaluations of detector crosstalk. The filter material selection, scattering control and unfolding method are optimized based on the spectrometer designed in San Diego Laboratory. In addition, the detector media is mainly a passive imaging plate or thermoluminescence detector. Due to the inconvenience of off-line operation, researchers are committed to using active detectors, such as scintillators and semiconductor detectors, to achieve active measurement of pulsed X-ray energy spectrum.

Key words: ultra-short and ultra-intense laser, pulsed X-ray, absorption method, spectra

中图分类号:

TL817

宋鸿鹄, 衣宏昌, 魏朔阳, 武祯, 张辉, 李君利, 邱睿. 吸收法在强激光与固体靶所致脉冲X射线能谱测量中的研究进展[J]. 辐射防护, 2022, 42(2): 89-101.

SONG Honghu, YI Hongchang, WEI Shuoyang, WU Zhen, ZHANG Hui, LI Junli, QIU Rui. Progress of absorption method in pulsed X-ray spectra measurement generated by ultra-short ultra-intense laser-solid interaction[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2022, 42(2): 89-101.

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