辐射防护 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 394-401.

• 辐射防护监测 • 上一篇    下一篇

压水堆核电厂液态流出物中55Fe的排放与监测方法

沙向东1, 黄彦君1, 曾帆1, 上官志洪1, 蒋婧2, 吴连生1, 曹钟港3, 陈超峰1   

  1. 1.中广核集团苏州热工研究院有限公司,江苏 苏州 215004;
    2.生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京 102445;
    3.生态环境部辐射环境监测技术中心,杭州 310012
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-30 发布日期:2020-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 蒋婧。E-mail:jiangj5@163.com
  • 作者简介:沙向东(1965—),男,1990年毕业于江苏工学院机械制造专业,高级工程师。E-mail:shaxiangdong@cgnpc.com.cn

An investigation on discharge and analytical methods of 55Fe in liquid effluents from PWRs of nuclear power plants

SHA Xiangdong1, HUANG Yanjun1, ZENG Fan1, SHANGGUAN Zhihong1, JIANG Jing2, WU Liansheng1, CAO Zhonggang3, CHEN Chaofeng1   

  1. 1. Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Suzhou 215004;
    2. Radiation Safety Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 102245;
    3. Radiation Monitoring Technical Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Hangzhou 310012
  • Received:2019-12-30 Published:2020-11-16

摘要: 本文调研分析压水堆核电厂液态流出物中排放55Fe的来源、排放的统计参考值和55Fe的分析方法,提出开展核电厂液态流出物中55Fe监测的建议。统计分析了美国41座压水堆核电厂在2005~2017年液态流出物中55Fe的排放量,其发电量归一化排放量的几何平均值范围为5.18×10-6~8.14×10-5 GBq/GWh,所有压水堆电厂液态流出物中55Fe排放量的几何平均值为1.52×10-5 GBq/GWh,各年度55Fe排放量在液态流出物中占比在12%以上,排第1至第4位。根据我国典型压水堆核电厂液态流出物排放体积,估算了液态流出物中55Fe的排放浓度,约10.7 Bq/L。建议推进核电厂液态流出物中55Fe监测方法的建立和完善。通过对55Fe监测方法的调研,推荐采用固相萃取树脂的快速分析方法。

关键词: 压水堆, 核电厂, 液态流出物, 55Fe, 监测方法

Abstract: This paper focuses on sources investigation of 55Fe in liquid effluents from pressurized water reactors (PWRs) in nuclear power plants and relative analytical methods and provides some suggestions on development of 55Fe monitoring in liquid effluents of nuclear power plants. The discharge amounts were statistically analyzed by extracting the data from public annual effluent reports of 41 US PWRs during 2005-2017 (total 871 reactor-years), which would help us to understand the necessity of 55Fe monitoring in liquid effluents in discharge supervision of nuclear power plants. The statistical results showed that the electricity normalized discharge amounts (geometric averages) for each PWR mainly ranged from 5.18×10-7 to 8.14×10-5 GBq/GWh with an average of 1.52×10-5 GBq/GWh, with above 12% of the total fission and activation radionuclides which ranked from the first to the forth. From a typical discharge volume of a Gigawatt scale PWR, the estimated discharge concentration of 55Fe about 10.7 Bq/L would be deduced. Meanwhile, the analytical methods of 55Fe were extensively investigated and the monitoring method standardization of 55Fe in liquid effluents is suggested, especially for a rapid analytical method of chromatography separation and liquid scintillation measurement.

Key words: pressurized water reactor, nuclear power plant, liquid effluent, 55Fe, monitoring

中图分类号: 

  • TL75+1