辐射防护 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 387-393.

• 专题——放射性废物焚烧 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国低放废物热解焚烧技术的应用及改进

徐卫1, 褚浩然1, 郑博文1, 唐灿2, 禹恩发3, 薛鹏3, 盛洁4, 李晓海1   

  1. 1.中国辐射防护研究院,太原 030006;
    2.中国工程物理研究院材料所,四川 绵阳 621000;
    3.中核四川环保工程有限公司,四川 广元 628000;
    4.中核四○四有限公司,甘肃 嘉峪关 735100
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-30 发布日期:2020-11-16
  • 作者简介:徐卫(1982—),男,2004年毕业于天津大学过程装备与控制工程专业,2015年硕士毕业于中国辐射防护研究院环境科学专业,副研究员。E-mail:13700541402@163.com

Application and improvement of low & medium-level radioactive waste pyrolysis incineration technology in China

XU Wei1, CHU Haoran1, ZHENG Bowen1, TANG Can2, YU Enfa3, XUE Peng3, Sheng Jie4, Li Xiaohai1   

  1. 1. China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006;
    2. China Academy of Engineering Physics, Sichuan Mianyang 621900;
    3. Sichuan Environment and Protection Engineering Co. Ltd., CNNC, Sichuan Guangyuan 628000;
    4. 404 Co. Ltd., CNNC, Gansu Jiayuguan 732850
  • Received:2019-12-30 Published:2020-11-16

摘要: 根据国际上焚烧技术发展趋势,针对我国放射性废物管理的特点,中国辐射防护研究院自主开发出多用途放射性废物热解焚烧技术,在国内应用近20年,建成3座焚烧设施。这些焚烧设施运行、处理了大量低放废物,具有净化效率高、减容效果好、核素控制好等特点,验证了热解焚烧系统的稳定性、可靠性与先进性。中国辐射防护研究院针对早期焚烧设施运行中出现的问题,不断进行完善与改进,降低了设备腐蚀问题;提高了系统运行的安全性、稳定性;减少了二次废物的产生量;并进一步提高了焚烧系统的自动化程度和对高塑料橡胶含量废物的兼容处理能力。经过这些技术改进,国内多用途放射性废物热解焚烧技术逐渐完善。

关键词: 放射性, 废物, 焚烧, 废物处理

Abstract: Based on the development trend of incineration technology internationally, and in accordance with the characteristics of radioactive waste management in China, the China Institute for Radiation Protection has independently developed a multi-purpose radioactive waste pyrolysis incineration technology, which has been used in China for nearly 15 years. Three incineration facilities have been built. These incineration facilities have treated a large amount of low-level waste through their operation, with characteristics of good cleaning effect, good volume reduction effect, and good radionuclide distribution control. The stability and reliability of the incineration system were verified with proved advancement of pyrolysis incineration technology. Some problems of corrosion which occurred in early incineration facilities are solved, with the effect of improved safety and stability of system operation, reduced amount of secondary waste, continuous improvements on automatic level of the incineration system, and increased proportion of plastics and rubber contents in treated wastes, which consummating the domestic pyrolysis incineration technology.

Key words: radioactive, waste, incineration, waste treatment

中图分类号: 

  • TL914+.32