紧凑式低放固体废物焚烧工艺装置设计及验证

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 焚烧作为处理放射性废物的主要技术之一,在世界范围内广泛应用。为满足部队、科研及核技术应用等废物产生量较少的单位的放射性废物焚烧处理需求,中国辐射防护研究院针对性开发了紧凑式低放可燃固体废物焚烧装置,并实现了工程应用。经试验验证,该装置技术指标能够满足设计目标和国家标准规范的要求。在处理能力相当的情况下,紧凑式焚烧设施占用的建筑面积减少为常规焚烧设施的1/30,人员减少为原1/6,能耗减少为原1/8,建造成本降为原1/8,并且可实现8 h/d间歇运行,大幅降低了建造和运行成本。

关键词: 放射性废物, 焚烧装置, 废物处理, 紧凑式

Abstract: As one of the main treatment technologies for radioactive waste, incineration is used widely in the world. Some organizations or companies, such as military units, research institutions and nuclear technology application companies could not afford the construction and operation of a general incineration facility for small amount of waste produced within their organozation. In order to solve the problems, a compact low-level radioactive waste incineration technology has been developed by China Institute for Radiation Protection. The result of verification experiment indicates the technical indicators can meet design objectives, and main pollutants in off-gas emission can meet relevant national environmental protection standards. Comparing with the general incineration facility, the compacted incineration device can run 8 hours per day, its construction area is decreased to 1/30, its construction cost and energy consumption are decreased to 1/8, and the number of operation staff is decreased to 1/6, comparing with the general incineration facility. Therefore the cost and requirements of construction and operation are decreased greatly.

Key words: radioactive waste, incineration, waste treatment, miniaturization

中图分类号:

TL941+.32

郑博文, 徐卫, 褚浩然, 李晓海, 杨利国, 张晓斌, 杨丽莉. 紧凑式低放固体废物焚烧工艺装置设计及验证[J]. 辐射防护, 2020, 40(5): 365-371.

ZHENG Bowen, XU Wei, CHU Haoran, YANg Lili, LI Xiaohai, YANG Liguo, ZHANG Xiaobin. Designing and verification of a compact incineration device for low level radioactive solid waste[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2020, 40(5): 365-371.

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