关键词: 铀浓缩厂, 放射性废物, 废物最小化, 清洁解控

Abstract: The management status and minimization practice of radioactive wastes containing uranium in a uranium enrichment plant are introduced. Categorized collection, centralized disposal, and reduction of volume and amount of radioactive wastes are their basic requirements. Radioactive contaminated pipes and valves were cleaned with a mixed solution of 5% Na₂CO₃, 30% H₂O₂, and fresh water and reused in this plant to ensure that α surface contamination levels are less than 0.4 Bq/cm². By means of reutilization of rust removal solution and pressure test water and optimization of container cleaning process, the average amount of liquid waste produced by a single vessel was reduced by about 35%, these measures minimized the produced amount of liquid wastes containing uranium from origins. By changing the treatment process of small containers from wet process to dry process, the amount of produced waste water was reduced by 90%. The liquid waste produced from rust removal solution was also reduced by about 80% when it was reused for 5 times in a large container cleaning process. Increasing recycle ratio of adsorption tail liquid can reduce discharge amount of wastewater. Their wastewater treatment process was improved by adopting a calcium salt combined precipitation method. The average annual amount of dreg precipitate was reduced by 20%. The qualified rate of wastewater treatment was greatly improved. Some advices and measures are provided.

Key words: uranium enrichment plant, radioactive waste, waste minimization, exemption and clearance