含铀氢氟酸再利用辐射影响研究

辐射防护 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 237-241.

含铀氢氟酸再利用辐射影响研究

韩春彩¹, 孔凡璠¹, 陈亮平¹, 孟庆森¹, 廖运璇²

1.中国原子能科学研究院,北京 102413;
2.生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京 102400

收稿日期:2020-06-02 出版日期:2021-05-20 发布日期:2021-07-12
通讯作者: 廖运璇。E-mail:yun252@163.com
作者简介:韩春彩 (1980—),女,2003年毕业于青岛建筑工程学院环境工程专业,高级工程师。E-mail:ccbj401@163.com

Study on radiation effect of reusing hydrofluoric acid containing uranium

HAN Chuncai¹, KONG Fanfan¹, CHEN Liangping¹, MEN Qingseng¹, LIAO Yunxuan²

1. China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413;
2. Nuclear and Radiation Safety Centre, Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 102400

Received:2020-06-02 Online:2021-05-20 Published:2021-07-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决核设施运行产生副产品含铀氢氟酸的处理问题,本文对我国核燃料元件生产线运行产生的含铀氢氟酸用于生产氟化氢铵的辐射影响进行了分析。结果表明,铀含量小于0.2 mg/L的氢氟酸用于生产氟化氢铵过程中对工作人员所造成的附加剂量远低于1 mSv/a,产品氟化氢铵中的铀含量小于1 Bq/g。从辐射影响角度分析,含铀氢氟酸用于氟化氢铵生产是完全可行的,有利于实现放射性废物最小化和资源利用。

关键词: 含铀氢氟酸, 辐射影响分析, 再利用

Abstract: To solve the treatment problem of hydrofluoric acid containing uranium produced by nuclear facility operation, the radiation effects of hydrofluoric acid containing uranium used in the production of ammonium hydrogen fluoride was studied. The results showed that the dose to the worker caused by the production process of ammonium hydrogen fluoride using hydrofluoric acid, in which uranium content is less than 0.2 mg/L, is far less than 1 mSv/a and the uranium content in the product is less than 1 Bq/g. For the perspective of radiation effect, it is feasible to produce ammonium hydrogen fluoride with hydrofluoric acid containing uranium coming from nuclear fuel production line,which is also conducive to the minimization of radioactive waste and resource utilization.

Key words: hydrofluoric acid containing uranium, radiation effect analysis, reuse

中图分类号:

X820

韩春彩, 孔凡璠, 陈亮平, 孟庆森, 廖运璇. 含铀氢氟酸再利用辐射影响研究[J]. 辐射防护, 2021, 41(3): 237-241.

HAN Chuncai, KONG Fanfan, CHEN Liangping, MEN Qingseng, LIAO Yunxuan. Study on radiation effect of reusing hydrofluoric acid containing uranium[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2021, 41(3): 237-241.

参考文献

[1] IAEA.Minimization of waste of from uranium purification,enrichment and fuel fabrication:IAEA-TECDOC-1115[S].IAEA,1999.
[2] 国家核安全局. 核设施放射性废物最小化:HAD 401/08—2016[S].国家核安全局, 2016.
[3] IAEA.Safety of uranium fuel fabrication facilities:No.SSG-6[S].IAEA,2010.
[4] 王彦,杨洁,等.核燃料元件制造副产品含铀氢氟酸再利用的可行性研究[J].中国辐射卫生,2019,28(4):428-432.
WANG Yan, YANG Jie, et al.Feasibility study on the reuse of by-product hydrofluoric acid of nuclear fuel element manufacturing[J].Chinese Journal of Radiological Health,2019,28(4):428-432.
[5] 韩纪磊,杨保鑫,李汝勇,等. 中国氟化氢铵产品生产和市场状况[J].有机氟工业,2018,(1):57-64.
[6] IAEA.Application of the concepts of exclusion, exemption and clearance:No. RS-G-1.7[S].IAEA,2004.
[7] IAEA. General safety requirements Part 3 Radiation protection and safety of radiation sources: International Basic Safety Standards:GSR Part 3[S]. IAEA,2014.
[8] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.可免于辐射防护监管的物料中放射性核素活度浓度:GB 27742—2011[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[9] 环境保护部.关于发布《放射性废物分类》的公告(2017年第65号公告)[S].2017.
[10] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会.稀土生产场所放射防护要求:GBZ 139—2019[S].2019.
[11] 李德平,潘自强,编.辐射防护手册第三册[M].北京: 原子能出版社,1988: 229.
[12] 李洋,杨洁,廉冰,等.我国含铀氟化钙渣用于水泥生产的辐射环境影响研究[J].辐射防护,2015,35(zl):48-52.
[13] 潘自强,编.辐射安全手册[M].北京: 科学出版社,2011: 140.
[14] 中华人民共和国卫生健康委员会. 工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素:GBZ 2.1—2019[S].2007.
[15] Harvey M P,Anderson T,Cabianca T.Assessmentof the radiological impact of the transport and disposal of light bulbs containing tritium,krypton-85 and radioisotopes of thorium[R]. UK:Health Protection Agency,2010.
[16] 程卫亚,杨宏伟,许慧萍,等.我国含微量放射性物质照明产品运输和仓储环节的监管建议[J]. 辐射防护,2016,36(1):47-52.
CHENG Weiya,YANG Hongwei,XU Huiping, et al. Regulatory suggestions for transportation and warehousing of light bulbs containing small amounts of radioactive material in China[J]. Radiation Protection,2016,36(1):47-52.
[17] 核工业标准化研究所.电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准:GB 18871—2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[18] 夏益华,编.电离辐射防护基础与实践[M].北京:中国原子能出版社,2011:116-117.