减少核电站放射性废树脂产生量控制的研究和实践

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据核电站各工艺系统树脂床的特点,研究了核级树脂动力学性能、氧化稳定性和交换孔道对树脂床运行寿命的影响。结果表明,动力学性能对用于调节工艺系统添加剂浓度的树脂利用率影响较大;树脂降解表现在骨架的断裂和交换基团的脱落,交联度越高的树脂稳定性越好;使用大孔型树脂有利于提高放射性核素的净化因子和树脂的失效度。通过对树脂失效机理的分析和运行实践的总结,探讨了核级树脂使用中存在的问题并提出了对策。

关键词: 核级树脂, 放射性废物最小化, 交联度, 交换孔道, 失效

Abstract: Based on the characteristics of resin beds in various process systems of nuclear power plants, this article studies the effects of nuclear grade resin kinetic performance, oxidation stability, and exchange channels on the operational life of resin beds. It is concluded that the kinetic performance has a significant impact on the utilization rate of resin used to regulate the concentration of additives in process systems; The degradation of resin is manifested by the fracture of the skeleton and the detachment of exchange groups. The higher the crosslinking degree, the better the stability of the resin; The use of macroporous resin is beneficial for improving the purification factor of radioactive nuclei and the failure rate of the resin. Through the analysis of failure mechanisms and the summary of operational practices, the problems in the use of nuclear grade resins were explored and countermeasures were proposed.

Key words: nuclear resin, minimization of radioactive waste, crosslinking structure internal pores, lose efficacy

中图分类号:

TL941

戈建安, 沈晓晖, 沈照根, 曾进忠, 陆丽燕. 减少核电站放射性废树脂产生量控制的研究和实践[J]. 辐射防护, 2025, 45(4): 371-378.

GE Jian'an, SHEN Xiaohui, SHEN Zhaogen, ZENG Jinzhong, LU Liyan. Research and practice of reducing radioactive waste resins in nuclear power plants[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2025, 45(4): 371-378.

参考文献

[1] 胡向盟, 刘辉. 核级树脂的优化管理对放射性固废体积最少化的贡献[C]//2014年中国电机工程学会年会. 合肥: 中国电机工程学会, 2014: 1-5.
[2] 郭喜良, 冯文东, 高超, 等. 废树脂湿法氧化减容处理技术路线及问题探讨[J]. 辐射防护, 2015, 35(5): 267-273.
GUO Xiliang, FENG Wendong, GAO Chao, et al. A roadmap and key issues of spent resin wet-oxidation research[J]. Radiation Protection, 2015, 35(5): 267-273.
[3] 陈斌. 核电厂低中放废树脂处理工艺[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2010, 30(1): 13-16.
CHEN Bin. Process research of spent resin treatment from NPP[J]. Radiation Protection Bulletin, 2010, 30(1): 13-16.
[4] 何艳红.离子交换技术(ROHM AND HAAS离子交换指导手册)[R]. 上海:上海罗门哈斯化工有限公司, 2006: 8-60.
[5] 梁永江. 秦山三期核级树脂筛选及相关技术指标优化研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2007.
[6] Kunin R. Aber-Hi-Lites:50 years of ion-exchange technology[M]. Colorado: Tall Oaks Publishing, 1996.
[7] 王为强, 杨建明, 李亚妮, 等. 强碱型阴离子交换树脂的耐热性改进研究进展[J]. 化工新型材料, 2013, 41(7): 26-28.
WANG Weiqiang, YANG Jianming, LI Yani, et al. Research progress in improvement of heat-resistant strongly basic anion exchange resin[J]. New Chemical Materials, 2013, 41(7): 26-28.
[8] 侯信, 黄文强, 何炳林. 强酸性阳离子交换树脂的热稳定性[J]. 离子交换与吸附, 1995(5): 465-472.
HOU Xin, HUANG Wenqiang, HE Binglin. Studies on the thermostability of strongly acidic cation exchange resins[J]. Ion Exchange and Adsorption, 1995(5): 465-472.
[9] 何艳红, 王鑫. AP1000化容系统离子交换树脂辐照稳定性研究[J]. 核科学与工程, 2016, 36(2): 251-256.
HE Yanhong, WANG Xin. AP1000 CVS resin radiation degradation research[J]. Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2016, 36(2): 251-256.
[10] Couderc R, Ambrus P. Performance of ion exchange resins in the active circuits of PWR: COG-97-136[R]. Canada: Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, 1997: 18.
[11] Izumi T, Hagiwara M H. Development of 14% crosslinked strong acid cation gel resin[C]//EPRI San Francisco USA, 2004.
[12] Dalessandro J. NRW37LC nuclear grade ion exchange resin technical data[Z]. The Purolite Company, Purolite International Limited.
[13] Jones N, Scenini F, Livens F. Assessment of the interactions of cationic and anionic ion exchange resins with typical PWR primary circuit solution species[C]//20th NPC International Conference, 2016.
[14] Palo Alto. Pressurized water reactor primary water chemistry guidelines, volumes 1[R].Revision 7. EPRI, CA, 2014: 152-160.
[15] Garbett K, et al. Corrosion product behaviour in the sizewell B PWR[C]//JAIF International Conference on Water Chemistry in Nuclear Power Plants. Japan: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information, 1998: 65.
[16] Fruzzetti K. Sampling considerations for monitoring corrosion products in the reactor coolant system in pressurized water reactors[R]. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, 2006: 1013668.
[17] 娄嵩, 刘永峰, 白清清, 等. 大孔吸附树脂的吸附机理[J]. 化学进展, 2012, 24(8): 1427-1436.
LOU Song, LIU Yongfeng, BAI Qingqing, et al. Adsorption mechanism of macroporous adsorption resins[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2012, 24(8): 1427-1436.
[18] Palo Alto. Pressurized water reactor primary water chemistry guidelines, volumes 2[R]. Revision 7.EPRI, CA, 2014: 50-57.
[19] 王东, 张志强, 秦建华. 大孔径阴树脂去除核电厂^110mAg核素研究[J]. 科技视界, 2015(11): 228-229.
WANG Dong, ZHANG Zhiqiang, QIN Jianhua. Study on removal of ^110mAg nuclide from nuclear power plant with large pore size negative resin[J]. Science & Technology Vision, 2015(11): 228-229.