辐射防护 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 266-272.

• 辐射防护评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国核电站放射工作人员晶状体混浊状况及影响因素分析

王华仙1, 12, 刘畅1, 王优优1, 卞华慧1, 曾冰清1, 叶丽珍1, 吴洪志2, 杨小强3, 贾战士4, 陈剑清5, 刘洋6, 柯毅7, 张雅奇8, 刘越9, 余智平10, 王孔钊11, 刘玉龙1   

  1. 1.苏州大学附属第二医院,江苏 苏州 215004;
    2.中国广核集团有限公司,广东 深圳 518038;
    3.福建宁德核电有限公司,福建 福鼎 355200;
    4.阳江核电有限公司,广东 阳江 529941;
    5.中广核惠州核电有限公司,广东 惠州 516000;
    6.中广核核电运营有限公司,广东 深圳 518038;
    7.广西防城港核电有限公司,广西 防城港 538000;
    8.台山核电合营有限公司,广东 台山 529228;
    9.辽宁红沿河核电有限公司,辽宁 瓦房店 116300;
    10.大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司,广东 深圳 518124;
    11.中核核电运行管理有限公司,浙江 海盐 314300;
    12.铜仁市人民医院,贵州 铜仁 554300
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-24 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 刘玉龙。E-mail:yulongliu2002@126.com
  • 作者简介:王华仙(1988—),女,2015年7月毕业于贵州医科大学,现为苏州大学同等学历硕士研究生在读。E-mail:575565520@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目( U2267220) ;国家自然科学基金项目(12405392);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20240358);中核集团“青年英才”科研项目(启明星);省部共建放射医学与辐射防护国家重点实验室开放课题(GZK12020042);河南省辐射生物与流行病学医学重点实验室课题(HNRBEKF202401); 苏大附二院科研预研基金项目(SDFEYBS2304)。

Analysis of lens opacification status and influencing factors among radiological workers in China’s nuclear power plants

WANG Huaxian1, 12, LIU Chang1, WANG Youyou1, BIAN Huahui1, ZENG Bingqing1, YE Lizhen1, WU Hongzhi2, YANG Xiaoqiang3, JIA Zhanshi4, CHEN Jianqing5, LIU Yang6, KE Yi7, ZHANG Yaqi8, LIU Yue9, YU Zhiping10, WANG Kongzhao11, LIU Yulong1   

  1. 1. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215004;
    2. China General Nuclear Power Group, Guangdong Shenzhen 518038;
    3. Fujian Ningde Nuclear Power Co. Ltd., Fujian Fuding 355200;
    4. Yangjiang Nuclear Power Co. Ltd., Guangdong Yangjiang 529941;
    5. Huizhou Nuclear Power Co. Ltd., Guangdong Huizhou 516000;
    6. China Nuclear Power Operations Co. Ltd., Guangdong Shenzhen 518038;
    7. Guangxi Fangchenggang Nuclear Power Co. Ltd., Guangxi Fangchenggang 538000;
    8. Taishan Nuclear Power Joint Venture Co. Ltd., Guangdong Taishan 529228;
    9. Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Co. Ltd., Liaoning Wafangdian 116300;
    10. Daya Bay Nuclear Power Operations and Management Co. Ltd., Guangdong Shenzhen 518124;
    11. CNNP Nuclear Power Operations Management Co. Ltd., Zhejiang Haiyan 314300;
    12. Tongren People’s Hospital, Guizhou Tongren 554300
  • Received:2024-12-24 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-21

摘要: 本研究旨在探究我国核电站放射工作人员晶状体混浊状况及其影响因素,以期为该类人群的职业健康监护和辐射防护提供科学依据。选取2023年2 091名核电站放射工作人员和1 500名非放射工作人员,通过问卷调查和晶状体检查进行分析。结果显示,放射组人员晶状体混浊率显著高于非放射组人员;单因素分析结果显示性别、年龄、人均年有效剂量、工种、工作日睡眠时间等因素对晶状体混浊有显著影响。本研究表明,长期暴露于低剂量电离辐射与晶状体混浊之间存在一定的相关性,其中性别、年龄、人均年有效剂量、工种是晶状体混浊发生的独立危险因素,而工作日睡眠时间是晶状体混浊发生的保护性因素;另外,不同单位放射性工作人员晶状体混浊的发生率有显著差异。这些发现对于制定核电站放射工作人员的职业健康监护策略具有一定意义。

关键词: 核电站, 电离辐射, 放射工作人员, 晶状体混浊, 个人剂量

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the status of lens opacification and its influencing factors among radiological workers in China’s nuclear power plants, with the expectation of providing a scientific basis for the occupational health surveillance and radiation protection of this population. The study selected 2,091 radiological workers from nuclear power plants and 1,500 non-radiological workers in 2023. Analysis was conducted through questionnaire surveys and lens examinations. The results showed that the rate of lens opacification in the radiological group was significantly higher than that in the non-radiological group. Factors such as gender, age, annual effective dose per capita, job type, organizaation, and daily sleep duration during workdays significantly affected lens opacification. This study indicates that there is a certain correlation between long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation and lens opacification, where gender, age, annual effective dose per capita, job type, and workplace are independent risk factors for the occurrence of lens opacification, while daily sleep duration during workdays is a protective factor. These findings are of certain significance for formulating occupational health surveillance strategies for radiological workers in nuclear power plants.

Key words: nuclear power plants, ionizing radiation, radiological workers, lens opacification, personal dose

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  • TL75+2