氡泉对人体的作用机制、功效及剂量评价

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摘要： 随着“大健康”理念的兴起,氡温泉等放射性泉成为了新兴的健康旅游和疗养方式,满足寻求自然、非药物疗法人群的需求,具有巨大的潜力和应用价值。同时,水中氡是室内氡的一个重要来源,被世界卫生组织列为致癌物质之一,氡的浓度界限和有效剂量成为环境和生态毒理学领域所关注的科学问题,制约着氡泉医疗方面的发展。本文围绕氡泉浴疗发展、氡泉形成及分布、氡泉对人体的非特异性与生物学作用机制、氡泉功效、氡泉剂量限值方面的研究进展进行系统阐述,重点回顾了氡泉针对不同类型疾病的疗程及临床效果,并在此基础上计算出疗养人员吸入氡及其子体所致有效剂量和氡对不同器官或者组织影响结果,分析氡浓度与年有效剂量、停留时间的关系,为公众能够安全、科学地利用氡泉的益处提供理论、技术支撑。

关键词: 氡泉, 放射性, 作用机制, 浴疗, 健康风险

Abstract: With the rise of the concept of “great health”, radioactive springs such as radon hot springs have become an emerging health tourism and convalescence way to meet the needs of people seeking natural, non-pharmacological therapies, which has great potential and application value. Meanwhile, radon in water is an important source of indoor radon, which is classified as one of the carcinogens by the World Health Organization, and the concentration limit and effective dose of radon have become scientific issues of concern in the field of environmental and ecotoxicological toxicology, which restricts the development of radon springs in terms of medical treatment. This paper centers on the development of radon spring bath therapy, the formation and distribution of radon springs, the non-specific and biological mechanism of radon springs on human body, the efficacy of radon springs, and the progress of radon springs dose limit. This paper focuses on the review of radon springs for the course of treatment of different types of diseases and the clinical effect. On the basis of the review, the effective dose due to the inhalation of radon and its daughters by convalescents and the results of the effect of radon on different organs or tissues are calculated; the relationship between the concentration and annual effective dose of radon and the effects on different organs or tissues are analyzed. This paper also analyzes the relationship between radon concentration and annual effective dose and residence time, so as to provide theoretical and technical support for the public to safely and scientifically utilize the benefits of radon springs.

Key words: radon spring, radioactivity, mechanism of action, spa, health risk

中图分类号:

R146

谢思蕾, 高柏, 刘媛媛, 马文洁, 李思思. 氡泉对人体的作用机制、功效及剂量评价[J]. 辐射防护, 2025, 45(2): 119-132.

XIE Silei, GAO Bai, LIU Yuanyuan, MA Wenjie, LI Sisi. Mechanism of action and efficacy of radon springs on human body and dose evaluation[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2025, 45(2): 119-132.

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