无铅柔性高分子复合材料X射线屏蔽性能研究

辐射防护 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 695-704.

无铅柔性高分子复合材料X射线屏蔽性能研究

王博宇^1,2,3,7, 张栋栋^1,2,3, 袁继龙^2,3,4, 陆地^2,3,5, 王琦^2,3,6, 刘洋^1,2,3

1.西安工程大学理学院,西安 710048;
2.射线柔性防护技术陕西省高校工程研究中心,西安 710048;
3.西安市核防护纺织装备技术重点实验室,西安 710048;
4.中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所辐射防护与核应急中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京 100088;
5.中国海关科学技术研究中心,北京 100026;
6.中国原子能科学研究院,北京 102413;
7.西安工业大学核科学与技术研究院,西安 710021

收稿日期:2024-06-12 发布日期:2025-01-06
通讯作者: 刘洋。E-mail:liuy@xpu.edu.cn
作者简介:王博宇(1982—),男,2005年毕业于兰州大学应用物理学专业,2010年毕业于兰州大学粒子物理与原子核物理学专业,获博士学位,教授。E-mail:wangby@xpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
西安市科技计划项目(22GXFW0042);陕西高校青年创新团队。

X-ray shielding properties of lead-free flexible polymer composite materials

WANG Boyu^1,2,3,7, ZHANG Dongdong^1,2,3, YUAN Jilong^2,3,4, LU Di^2,3,5, WANG Qi^2,3,6, LIU Yang^1,2,3

1. School of Science, Xi′an Polytechnic University, Xi′an 710048;
2. Engineering Research Center of Flexible Radiation Protection Technology, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi′an 710048;
3. Xi′an Key Laboratory of Nuclear Protection Textile Equipment Technology, Xi′an 710048;
4. Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China CDC, Beijing 100088;
5. Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs, Beijing 100026;
6. China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413;
7. Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi′an Technological University, Xi′an 710021

Received:2024-06-12 Published:2025-01-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着医疗X射线诊断技术的发展,对非铅基环境友好型X射线屏蔽材料的需求正日益增加。通过熔融共混制备了热塑性硫化橡胶(TPV)与WO₃或Gd₂O₃或Bi₂O₃的新型复合屏蔽材料,随后对复合屏蔽材料进行微观性能表征。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)结果表明:功能颗粒均匀分散到基体中,无明显团聚;功能颗粒未与基体间形成化学键;并且晶体结构也未发生改变。力学性能测试表明:TPV/WO₃性能最优,在100∶100质量掺杂比下拉伸强度仍然可达4.65 MPa,断裂伸长率为544.76%,邵氏硬度为73 HA。对100 kV管电压X射线的屏蔽试验结果表明,厚度为2 mm的掺杂Gd₂O₃或WO₃复合材料均可达到Ⅰ级铅当量防护标准(0.25 mmPb),其中掺杂WO₃的可达0.33 mmPb。MCNP模拟X射线透射率结果与试验结果基本吻合,并表明Gd₂O₃和WO₃的X射线能量吸收范围位于Pb的“弱吸收区”,可弥补其不足。综上,该组屏蔽材料对100 kV管电压的X射线表现出良好的防护性能,在核医学和核军工等领域具备应用潜力。

关键词: X射线, 辐射防护, 氧化钆, 氧化钨, 氧化铋

Abstract: The demand for environment friendly non-Pb X-ray shielding materials in medical diagnosis is increasing. Therefore, novel shielding materials of TPV combined with WO₃ or Gd₂O₃ or Bi₂O₃ are successfully prepared by melt blending and characterized microscopically. Properties of the composite materials are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results show that the functional particles are uniformly dispersed in the matrix without obvious agglomeration; the functional particles do not form any chemical bonds with the matrix; and the crystal structures of the functional particles also remain unchanged. Tests of mechanical properties show that TPV/WO₃ is the best, with a tensile strength of 4.65 MPa, a fracture elongation of 544.76%, and a Shore hardness of 73 HA at the doping ratio of 100∶100. The shielding experiment for 100 kV tube voltage X-ray shows that both Gd₂O₃ and WO₃ can meet the minimum lead equivalence requirement (0.25 mmPb), with WO₃ reaching the highest 0.33 mmPb. MCNP simulation is basically consistent with the experiment, and the data show that X-ray absorption ranges of Gd₂O₃ and WO₃ are located in the “weak absorption region” of Pb. In summary, this group of shielding materials exhibit good protective performance against 100 kV tube voltage X-ray and have potential applications in fields such as nuclear medicine and nuclear industry.

Key words: X-ray, radiation protection, gadolinium oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide

中图分类号:

TL75+2

王博宇, 张栋栋, 袁继龙, 陆地, 王琦, 刘洋. 无铅柔性高分子复合材料X射线屏蔽性能研究[J]. 辐射防护, 2024, 44(6): 695-704.

WANG Boyu, ZHANG Dongdong, YUAN Jilong, LU Di, WANG Qi, LIU Yang. X-ray shielding properties of lead-free flexible polymer composite materials[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2024, 44(6): 695-704.

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