基于空气荧光的Alpha表面污染测量样机的研制

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于空气荧光的α表面污染光学测量方法,相对于其它α表面污染测量方法具有非接触式测量、对于异形构件可有效测量、不易被污染等优点。同时基于荧光的α表面污染测量技术也面临着由于有限的荧光产额而导致的探测下限过高的问题。介绍了自行研制的基于空气荧光的α表面污染测量样机,样机采用了望远镜+扫描的测量方式。初步的性能测试结果表明,在距离物镜1 m处,常温常压下该样机的灵敏度为2.63 s^-1/kBq,测量时间为10 s时,最小可探测活度为1.0 kBq。此时现场适用性验证实验证明该样机在探测范围内能够准确地测量出α表面污染的空间分布。

关键词: α表面污染, 空气荧光, 光学测量

Abstract: Optical detection method of α surface contamination based on air Radioluminescence was one of the active area of research since its first demonstration at the beginning of this century. Compared to other kinds of α surface contamination measurement methods, the optical detection method of α surface contamination has the following advantages: it can realize non-contact α surface contamination measurement, it can effectively measure non-flat surface α contamination, and finally it can effectively reduce the risk of surface contamination. But on the other hand, affected by low emission yield of air Radioluminescence from α particle energy deposition, the detection limit of optical detection method of α surface contamination is too high compared with other kinds of α surface contamination methods. In this paper we presented a prototype instrument for measurement of α surface contamination. The instrument is based on optical detection of air Radioluminescence from α radiation, and work in telescope scanning mode. Primary performance testing results show that, the sensitivity of the prototype instrument is 2.63 s^-1/kBq, and the MDA is 1.0 kBq at 1 m distance from object lens and 10 s measurement time. Field experiment shows that the prototype instrument can also accurately measure space distribution of α surface contamination.

Key words: α surface contamination, air radioluminescence, optical detection

中图分类号:

TL75+2.3

金成赫, 赵原, 汪屿, 曹勤剑, 熊万春, 黄明啸, 刘立业, 李岩, 董佳杰, 夏三强. 基于空气荧光的Alpha表面污染测量样机的研制[J]. 辐射防护, 2023, 43(6): 549-555.

JIN Chenghe, ZHAO Yuan, WANG Yu, CAO Qinjian, XIONG Wanchun, HUANG Mingxiao, LIU Liye, LI Yan, DONG Jiajie, XIA Sanqiang. Development of a prototype instrument for α-surface contamination measurement based on air Radioluminescence[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2023, 43(6): 549-555.

参考文献

[1] Sergiy M Baschenko.Remote optical detection of alpha particle sources[J]. J Radiol Prot,2004,24(1):75-82.
[2] Sand J, Hannuksela1 V, Ihantola S, et al.Remote optical detection of alpha radiation: IAEA-CN-184/23[C].IAEA,2004.
[3] Lamadie F,Costes J,Delmas F,et al.Alpha imaging: First results and prospects[C]//IEEE Symposium Conference Record Nuclear Science 2004.IEEE,2004:1594-1598.
[4] Lamadie F,Delmas F,Mahe C, et al. Remote alpha imaging in nuclear installations: new results and prospects[J].IEEE Transaction on Nuclear Science, 2005,52(6):3035-3039.
[5] Sand J, et al.Remote optical detection of alpha radiation[Z]. In Symposium on international safeguards, 2010 Nov 1-5: Vienna, Austria.
[6] Sand J. Alpha radiation detection via radioluminescence of air[D].Tampere University of Technology,2016.
[7] Sand J, Ihantola S, Peräjärvi K,et al.Imaging of alpha emitters in a field environment[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipmentvol,2015, 782:13-19.
[8] Sand J, Nicholl A, Hrnecek E, et al. Stand-off radioluminescence mapping of alpha emitters under bright lighting[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,2016,63(3):1777-1783.
[9] Inriga E, Koslowskyb V, Andrewsb B,et al. Development and testing of an air fluorescence imaging system for the detection of radiological contamination[J]. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2011,1412(1), 393-400.
[10] Inrig E, Erhardt L, Koslowsky V,et al. An air fluorescence imaging system for the detection of radiological contamination[C]//Proc. of SPIE. 2011.
[11] Kume N, Takakura K, Nakayama K, et al. Remote detector of alpha-ray using ultraviolet ray emitted by nitrogen in air[C]//Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, 2013: 1-6.
[12] Richard K. Harrison, Jeffrey B. Martin, Dora Wiemann,et al.New radiological material detection technologies for nuclear forensics: remote optical imaging and graphene-based sensors[R]. SANDIA report,SAND2015-7567,2015.
[13] Crompton A J, Gamage K A A, Bell S,et al. First results of using a UVTron flame sensor to detect alpha-induced air fluorescence in the UVC wavelength range[J]. Sensors,2017,17(12):2756.
[14] Ivanov O, Stepanov V E, Smirnov S V,et al.Development of method for detection of alpha contamination with using UV-Camera DayCor by OFIL[C]//Proceeding of 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Valencia, Spain, 23-29 Oct. 2011.
[15] Kerst T, Sand J, Ihantola S,et al. Stand off Alpha radiation detection for hot cell imaging and crime scene investigation[J]. Optical Review,2018,25(3): 429-436.
[16] Crompton A J, Gamage K A A, Bell S,et al. Gas flow to enhance the detection of alpha-induced air radioluminescence based on a UVTron flame sensor[J]. Sensors,2018,18(6):1842.
[17] Thomas Kerst. Optical stand-off detection of alpha radiation in nuclear facilities[D]. Tampere University,2019.
[18] Thomas Kerst, Juha Toivonen. Intense rdioluminescence of NO/N₂-mixture in solar blind spectral region[J]. Optics express,2018, 26(26): 33764-33771.
[19] Thomas Kerst, Juha Toivonen. Dynamic enhancement of nitric oxide radioluminescence with nitrogen purge[J]. Scientific Reports,2019,9(1):13384.
[20] Krasniqi F S, Kerst T, Leino M,et al. Standoff UV-C imaging of alpha particle emitters[J]. Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A,2021,987:164821.
[21] Kerst T. Optical stand-off detection of alpha radiation in nuclear facilities[D]. Tampere University,2019.
[22] Sand J. Alpha radiation detection via radioluminescence of air[D]. Tampere University of Technology,2016.
[23] Ihantola S, Sand J, Peräjärvi K, et al. Principles of UV-gamma coincidence spectrometry[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, 2012, 690(21):79-84.
[24] Ihantola S,Sand J, Perajarvi K,et al. Fluorescence assisted gamma spectrometry for surface contamination analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,2013, 60(1):305-309.
[25] Ihantola S. Novel approaches to the analysis of nuclear and other radioactive materials—Improving detection capability through alpha-gamma coincidence, alpha-induced optical fluorescence and advanced spectrum analysis[D]. Aalto University,2013.
[26] Crompton A J, Gamage K A A, Jenkins A,et al. Alpha particle detection using alpha-induced air radioluminescence: A review and future prospects for preliminary radiological characterization for nuclear facilities decommissioning[J].Sensors, 2018, 18(4):1015.
[27] Krassimir Stoev. Review of methods for remote detection and imaging of alpha radiation[C]. 4th Canadian Conference on Nuclear Waste Management, Decommissioning and Environmental Restoration Ottawa Marriott Hotel, Ottawa, ON, Canada, September 8-11, 2019.
[28] Wu Zeqian. Application and development of noncontact detection method of α-particles based on radioluminescence[J]. Sensors, 2021, 22(1): 202.
[29] Sand J. Radioluminescence yield of alpha particles in air[J]. New Journal of Physics, 2014,16(5): 053022.
[30] RemoteALPHA. Remote and real-time optical detection of alpha-emitting radionuclides in theenvironment[Z].https://www.euramet.org/researchinnovation/search-research-projects/details/project/remote-and-real-timeoptical-detection-of-alpha-emitting-radionuclides-in-the-environmet. 2020.