铀尾矿库氡析出机理及其影响因素研究进展

铀尾矿库氡析出机理及其影响因素研究进展

Mechanisms and factors affecting radon exhalation from surface of uranium mill tailing pond with compacted soil cover: An overview

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辐射防护 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 97-113.

梁铠淇¹, 洪昌寿^1,2,3, 陈志斌⁴, 赵天吉¹, 汪弘^1,2,3, 李向阳^1,2,3, 刘永^1,2,3

1.南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001;
2.湖南省铀尾矿库退役治理技术工程技术研究中心,湖南衡阳 421001;
3.铀矿冶放射性控制技术湖南省工程研究中心,湖南衡阳 421001;
4.中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,合肥 230031

收稿日期:2022-03-25 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2023-05-11
通讯作者: 洪昌寿。E-mail:hongchangshou@163.com
作者简介:梁铠淇(1999—),女,2022年毕业于南华大学。E-mail: kaiqileung@163.com
基金资助:
国防科工局“十三五”技术基础科研项目(编号:JSZL2018403B001);2021年度湖南省环保科研项目(编号:HBKT-2021024);湖南省大学生创新训练计划项目(编号:S202010555180);南华大学大学生创新训练计划项目(编号:X202110555487)。

LIANG Kaiqi¹, HONG Changshou^1,2,3, CHEN Zhibin⁴, ZHAO Tianji¹, WANG Hong^1,2,3, LI Xiangyang^1,2,3, LIU Yong^1,2,3

1. School of Resources, Environmental and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
2. Hunan Province Engineering Technology Research Centre of Uranium Tailing Treatment Technology, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
3. Hunan Province Engineering Research Centre of Radioactive Control Technology in Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
4. Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Hefei 230031

Received:2022-03-25 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2023-05-11

摘要： 氡来源于土壤、铀尾矿、岩石等多孔射气介质,铀尾矿库滩面是尾矿堆积或沉积体与大气环境直接接触的暴露面,氡气从该交界面析出并经大气弥散而污染周边环境,覆盖处置是滩面控氡的主要手段。本文以典型铀尾矿库滩面为例,综述氡析出机理及其影响因素,阐述了多孔射气介质固有特性及外部气象环境条件对铀尾矿库滩面氡析出的影响机制。结果表明,国内外学者已对多孔射气介质固有特性影响氡析出的规律开展了大量研究,但由于实验尺度、研究方法存在差异,矿物颗粒特征影响氡析出机制的解释仍存在争议,外部气象环境等因素对铀尾矿库滩面氡析出的影响机制尚不明确。为此,提出今后研究的关注点:(1)真实条件下,氡析出过程的合理表征形式;(2)开展大尺度实验探究多孔介质固有特性对铀尾矿库滩面氡析出的影响机制。

关键词: 铀尾矿库滩面, 覆盖处置, 多孔射气介质, 氡析出

Abstract: Radon generates from porous emanation media such as soil, uranium mill tailing and rock. The sediment surface of uranium mill tailing accumulation is always in direct contact to atmospheric environment. Radon transports from soil to air and distributes homogeneously in the surroundings while alternative cover is designed to satisfy the management control of uranium mill tailing. This paper presents a literature review of radon migration process and its influence factors in uranium mill tailing, which illustrates the mechanism of the emanation characteristics of porous media and meteorological conditions on radon exhalation from uranium mill tailing. A lot of such studies have been carried out by scholars at home and abroad, but due to different experimental scale and research methods, the interpretation of the influence of mineral grain characteristics on radon exhalation mechanism is still controversial, and the influence mechanism of external meteorological environment and other factors on radon exhalation on the surface of uranium mill tailing pond is still unclear. Therefore, further work is proposed: (1) the characterization of radon exhalation process under natural conditions; (2) large-scale experiment is to be carried out for the influence mechanism of porous emanation media on radon exhalation from uranium mill tailing.

Key words: uranium mill tailing pond, soil-covering method, porous emanation media, radon exhalation

中图分类号:

TL75+2

梁铠淇, 洪昌寿, 陈志斌, 赵天吉, 汪弘, 李向阳, 刘永. 铀尾矿库氡析出机理及其影响因素研究进展[J]. 辐射防护, 2023, 43(2): 97-113.

LIANG Kaiqi, HONG Changshou, CHEN Zhibin, ZHAO Tianji, WANG Hong, LI Xiangyang, LIU Yong. Mechanisms and factors affecting radon exhalation from surface of uranium mill tailing pond with compacted soil cover: An overview[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2023, 43(2): 97-113.

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