辐射防护 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (S1): 26-28.

• 辐射防护监测与评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

铀纯化转化生产过程中作业人员的β外照射防护研究

马文财, 刘延彰, 赵瑛   

  1. 中核四〇四有限公司,兰州 732850
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-11 出版日期:2021-10-25 发布日期:2021-11-26
  • 作者简介:马文财(1983—),男,2006年7月毕业于兰州大学材料物理专业,工程师。E-mail:mirui02@163.com

Study on protection of workers from β-irradiation in the process of uranium purification and transformation

MA Wencai, LIU Yanzhang, ZHAO Ying   

  1. The 404 Company Limited,CNNC,Lanzhou 732850
  • Received:2021-01-11 Online:2021-10-25 Published:2021-11-26

摘要: 为了加强铀纯化转化生产过程中作业人员的β外照射防护,结合国内外辐射监测实践,研究了铀纯化转化生产工艺过程中辐射源项的特性及辐射防护措施。由于铀系中主要β发射体234Th(UX1)、234mPa(UX2+UZ)、214Bi和214Pb的存在,铀化合物中的β辐射强度相当可观。在无防护措施的情况下,尤其是在进行开放式检修作业时,作业人员眼晶体、手部和皮肤的β受照剂量可能超过规定限值。因此,除了关注γ外照射和吸入内照射防护外,对作业人员β外照射的防护应该引起足够的重视。

关键词: 核燃料, 铀纯化转化, 铀子体, β射线, 剂量, 辐射防护

Abstract: In order to strengthen the protection of workers from β irradiation in the process of uranium purification and transformation,combined with the practice of radiation monitoring at home and abroad,the characteristic of radiation source term in the process of uranium purification and transformation are studied. Due to the existence of main β emitter of Th-234,Pa-234,Bi-214 and Pb-214 in uranium system,the β radiation intensity in uranium compounds in considerable. Without protective measures,especially when carrying out open maintenance work,the exposure dose of β to lens、hands and skin of workers may exceed the prescribed limit. Therefore,in addition to the protection of external γradiation and internal inhalation radiation,it is necessary to protect workers from β irradiation.

Key words: nuclear fuel, uranium purification and transformation, uranium daughter, β-ray, dose, radiation protection

中图分类号: 

  • TL75+2