某同位素生产线放射性废气处理系统设计

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为确保某同位素生产线项目产生的气态放射性流出物能满足排放标准,根据释放源项及气体流量,对比了加压衰变法与滞留床吸附法的优缺点。借鉴国内核电站放射性废气处理系统的工艺设计,提出了“碱洗+冷冻除湿+吸附干燥+活性炭滞留”联合工艺。文章中详细介绍了处理工艺流程、主要设备的参数设计及滞留床活性炭用量的优化计算,对废气处理装置的功能、系统流程、系统配置、布置方案等进行阐述,给出装置总体设计方案。装置设计完毕后进行了相应的试验,单床滞留时间4.6 h(以Kr-85计),优于设计值。干燥装置压降在216~274 Pa之间、滞留装置单床压降在183~310 Pa之间,均满足设计指标要求,在安全性、经济性和可实施性方面作到了较好的综合平衡。

关键词: 放射性废气, 活性炭滞留, 处理, 工艺设计

Abstract: The advantages and disadvantages of pressurized storage decay method and retention bed adsorption method were compared to ensure its gaseous radioactive effluents generated in an isotope production line meet relevant national emission standards, based on released source term and gas flow. Referring to process designs of radioactive waste gas treatment systems in domestic nuclear power plants, a combined process of “alkali washing+freez dehumidification+adsorption drying+activated carbon retention” was proposed. The process flow and parameter design of main equipment are introduced in detail, and the loading amount of activated carbon in the retention bed was optimized and calculated repeatedly. The design of the scheme meets the requirements of the isotope production line and achieves a good comprehensive balance in terms of safety, economy and practicability. The function, system flow, system configuration and layout scheme of the designed waste gas treatment device are described with an overall design scheme, furthermore, the experimental results of some corresponding tests show that the device design meets the expected requirements.

Key words: radioactive waste gas, activated carbon retention, treatment, process design

中图分类号:

TL941+.2

张永康, 骆枫, 李振臣, 杨辉青. 某同位素生产线放射性废气处理系统设计[J]. 辐射防护, 2021, 41(5): 447-452.

ZHANG Yongkang, LUO Feng, LI Zhenchen, YANG Huiqing. Design of a radioactive waste gas treatment system for an isotope production line[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2021, 41(5): 447-452.

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