国内外放射性惰性气体氙的来源及排放水平分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 放射性氙同位素活度浓度作为判断核爆炸的重要标志,准确评估其来源和活度对禁核试具有重要意义。核爆炸时,最主要关注的4种放射性氙同位素分别为^131mXe、¹³³Xe、^133mXe、¹³⁵Xe,然而在核电站下风向及医用同位素生产设施环境中也经常能探测到放射性氙气体。因此对核爆炸和民用来源的放射性氙加以区分是核爆炸监测中的重要问题之一。本文对放射性氙的来源及排放水平的相关研究进行了搜集、整理和规律统计分析,总结归纳了放射性氙监测技术及核爆炸判断分析技术,旨在为核爆炸判断提供理论参考。

关键词: 惰性气体, 放射性氙, 排放水平, 核爆炸, 医用同位素生产, 核电站

Abstract: As an important signature to judge nuclear explosion, accurate determination of the source and activity concentration of radioxenon isotopes is of great significance for implementing the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). During the time of nuclear explosion, the four most interested radioxenon isotopes were ^131mXe, ¹³³Xe, ^133mXe and ¹³⁵Xe. However, the radioxenon gas could be also observed at the monitoring station in the downwind direction of nuclear power plants and medical isotopes productions. Therefore, one of the most important problems in nuclear explosion monitoring is to distinguish between nuclear explosion and civilian sources of radionuclides. In this paper, the source of radioxenon and emission level of the relevant measurement results were collected, sorted out, and statistical analysis of the relevant rules were analyzed. And the monitoring technology of radioxenon and analysis technology of nuclear explosion were summarized in order to provide a theoretical reference for the judgment of nuclear explosion.

Key words: noble gas, radioxenon, emission level, nuclear explosion, medical isotope production, nuclear power plant

中图分类号:

TL75+1

王硕, 拓飞. 国内外放射性惰性气体氙的来源及排放水平分析[J]. 辐射防护, 2021, 41(5): 394-403.

WANG Shuo, TUO Fei. Analysis of the source and emission level of radioactive noble gas xenon at home and abroad[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2021, 41(5): 394-403.

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