类铀矿岩材料制备及氡扩散系数测定的实验研究

辐射防护 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 110-118.

类铀矿岩材料制备及氡扩散系数测定的实验研究

蒋复量^1,2,3, 黎明¹, 李向阳^1,2,3, 洪昌寿^1,2, 张帅¹, 杨文超¹, 王小丽¹

1.南华大学环境与安全工程学院, 湖南衡阳 421001;
2.湖南省铀尾矿库退役治理工程技术研究中心,湖南衡阳 421001;
3.铀矿冶放射性控制技术湖南省工程研究中心,湖南衡阳 421001

收稿日期:2017-05-12 出版日期:2018-03-20 发布日期:2020-07-20
作者简介:蒋复量(1978—),男,2000年毕业于中南大学采矿工程专业,2004年毕业于中南大学安全技术及工程专业,获硕士学位,2011年毕业于中南大学安全技术及工程专业,获博士学位,副教授。E-mail:jfljfd@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(114750181);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(17B228);南华大学研究生科研创新项目(2016XCX24);南华大学环境与安全工程学院研究生创新项目(2017YCXXM05,2017YCXXM09);南华大学双一流建设项目“核安全环保技术与装备”资助。

The experimental study on the preparation of quasi-uranium ore material and the measurement of radon diffusion coefficient

JIANG Fuliang^1,2,3, LI Ming¹, LI Xiangyang^1,2,3, HONG Changshou^1,2, ZHANG Shuai¹, YANG Wenchao¹, WANG Xiaoli¹

1. School of Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
2. Hunan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Uranium Tailings Treatment, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
3. Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Radioactive Control Technology in Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, Hunan Hengyang 421001

Received:2017-05-12 Online:2018-03-20 Published:2020-07-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 扩散过程是主导氡在铀矿岩中运移与析出的主要方式。铀矿原岩辐射较大且取样困难,不利于开展有关室内实验。为了解决以上问题,依据相似理论,以某花岗岩为原型,选取石英砂、铀尾砂、水泥、精铁粉和微硅粉等为原材料,制备了3种不同材料配比的圆柱形类铀矿岩试样,并测定了原型和试样的物理力学参数;然后采用密闭腔体法测量了原型和试样在不同包裹方式下的累积氡浓度,推导氡的扩散性能参数的计算公式,通过计算获得了原型和试样的氡扩散长度和扩散系数。实验结果表明:花岗岩原型与所制备的类铀矿岩的颗粒密度、抗压强度、抗拉强度、内聚力和内摩擦角相似比的均值分别为1.09∶1、3.93∶1、4.28∶1、3.47∶1和1.00∶1;花岗岩原型的扩散系数为0.146×10^-6m²·s^-1,类铀矿岩的扩散系数介于0.114×10^-6～0.594×10^-6m²·s^-1之间,两者的相似比介于0.25∶1～1.28∶1之间。研究认为所制备的试样3在一定程度上可用来模拟花岗岩型铀矿岩,以满足室内实验的需求。

关键词: 类铀矿岩, 相似理论, 氡, 密闭腔体法, 扩散系数

Abstract: Diffusion process is the main factor that leads to the migration and exhalation of radon in uranium ore. Taking into account the fact that the hazard exists in underground uranium mine and field sampling are rather difficult, it is not conducive to do the laboratory test. In order to solve the above problems, based on the similarity theory, a kind of typical granite was taken as the prototypical model, and the quartz sand, uranium tailings, cement, fine iron powder and silicon powder as the raw materials, three cylindrical uranium-like rock samples with different material ratios were prepared, and the physical and mechanical parameters were then measured. In addition, these samples were sealed in different ways and the corresponding cumulative radon concentrations were measured by closed chamber method. The formula for calculating the diffusion performance of radon is deduced, and the radon diffusion length and diffusion coefficient of the prototype and the samples were calculated. The results showed that the mean similarity ratios of the particle density, compressive strength, tensile strength, cohesion and internal friction angle of the granite rock and quasi-uranium ore were respectively 1.09 ∶1, 3.93 ∶1, 4.28 ∶1, 3.47 ∶1 and 1.00 ∶1, the diffusion coefficient of granite prototype was 0.146×10^-6 m²·s^-1, the diffusion coefficient of quasi-uranium ore was between 0.114×10^-6 m²·s^-1 and 0.594×10^-6 m²·s^-1, and the similarity ratio was between 0.25∶1 and 1.28∶1. Therefore, the third sample of similar materials to some extent can be used to simulate the granite-type uranium rock and can meet the needs of laboratory experiments.

Key words: quasi-uranium ore, similarity theory, radon, closed chamber method, diffusion coefficient

中图分类号:

TL75

蒋复量, 黎明, 李向阳, 洪昌寿, 张帅, 杨文超, 王小丽. 类铀矿岩材料制备及氡扩散系数测定的实验研究[J]. 辐射防护, 2018, 38(2): 110-118.

JIANG Fuliang, LI Ming, LI Xiangyang, HONG Changshou, ZHANG Shuai, YANG Wenchao, WANG Xiaoli. The experimental study on the preparation of quasi-uranium ore material and the measurement of radon diffusion coefficient[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2018, 38(2): 110-118.

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