多孔材料孔结构对氡动态吸附的影响分析

doi:10.27045/j.1000-8187.202605005

辐射防护 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 418-425.doi: 10.27045/j.1000-8187.202605005

多孔材料孔结构对氡动态吸附的影响分析

唐增明^1,2,3, 肖德涛^1,2, 邓湘元^1,2, 王福星^1,2, 程维庆^1,2

1.南华大学核科学技术学院,湖南衡阳 421001;
2.南华大学氡湖南省重点实验室,湖南衡阳 421001;
3.南华大学建筑环境气载污染物治理与放射性防护国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南衡阳 421001

收稿日期:2026-01-06 发布日期:2026-10-28
通讯作者: 肖德涛。E-mail:xiaodt@usc.edu.cn
作者简介:唐增明(1996—),男,2018年毕业于湖南城市学院土木工程专业,学士;2024年毕业于南华大学安全科学与工程专业,工学博士。从事气载放射性污染物净化与新型吸附材料研究,讲师。E-mail:zmtang96@usc.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(12575338)

Effect of pore structure on radon adsorption in porous materials

TANG Zengming^1,2,3, XIAO Detao^1,2, DENG Xiangyuan^1,2, WANG Fuxing^1,2, CHENG Weiqing^1,2

1. School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
2. University of South China Radon Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
3. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Airborne Pollutants Control and Radioactivity Protection in Buildings, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001

Received:2026-01-06 Published:2026-10-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究多孔材料孔结构(用孔径、孔形、孔体积和比表面积表征)对氡动态吸附的影响,选取了具有单一孔径的分子筛(3A、4A、5A、ZSM-5和13X型)和不同孔形结构的活性炭材料(椰壳活性炭和活性炭纤维),在标准氡室中开展了氡动态吸附性能实验。结果表明,孔径匹配是提升吸附热力学的关键,有效孔径为5.3~5.8 Å的ZSM-5分子筛相比于其他几种分子筛材料表现出最优性能;孔形结构显著影响吸附动力学,椰壳活性炭因其具有较大的有效微孔体积以及分级连通的孔结构作为传质通道,其氡吸附系数达4.45 L/g,远高于孔道短、有效微孔体积较小的活性炭纤维(1.52 L/g);在提高吸附材料孔比表面积和总孔体积的前提下,增加0.5~0.7 nm的有效微孔体积并构筑适量过渡孔能提升氡吸附容量。该研究结论可为高效氡吸附材料的定向设计提供依据。

关键词: 多孔材料, 孔结构, 氡, 动态吸附

Abstract: To investigate the impact of porous material pore structure (characterized by pore diameter, pore shape, pore volume, and specific surface area) on radon dynamic adsorption, experiments were conducted using molecular sieves with an uniform pore diameter (3A, 4A, 5A, ZSM-5, and 13X types) and activated carbon materials with different pore shapes (coconut shell activated carbon and activated carbon fibers) in a standard radon chamber. The results indicated that pore size matching is crucial to enhancing adsorption thermodynamics, with ZSM-5 molecular sieve exhibiting optimal performance among the several molecular sieve materials due to its effective pore diameter of 5.3~5.8 Å; pore shape significantly affects adsorption kinetics. Coconut shell activated carbon, featuring large effective micropore volume and hierarchically connected pore structure serving as mass transfer channels, achieved a radon adsorption coefficient of 4.45 L/g, which is much higher than that of activated carbon fibers (1.52 L/g), which have shorter pores and smaller effective micropore volumes. While increasing the pore-specific surface area and total pore volume of the adsorbent, increasing the effective micropore volume in the 0.5~0.7 nm range and constructing an appropriate amount of mesopores can enhance radon adsorption capacity. These findings can provide a basis for the targeted design of efficient radon adsorbents.

Key words: porous material, pore structure, radon, dynamic adsorption

中图分类号:

TL75

唐增明, 肖德涛, 邓湘元, 王福星, 程维庆. 多孔材料孔结构对氡动态吸附的影响分析[J]. 辐射防护, 2026, 46(5): 418-425.

TANG Zengming, XIAO Detao, DENG Xiangyuan, WANG Fuxing, CHENG Weiqing. Effect of pore structure on radon adsorption in porous materials[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2026, 46(5): 418-425.

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多孔材料孔结构对氡动态吸附的影响分析

Effect of pore structure on radon adsorption in porous materials

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