辐射防护 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 293-302.doi: 10.27045/j.1000-8187.202604002

• 辐射防护评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

核电厂辐射环境监测报告水平体系构建方法探讨

黄彦君1,2, 蒋婧3, 曹钟港4, 赵锋1,2   

  1. 1.苏州热工研究院有限公司,江苏 苏州 215004;
    2.国家核电厂安全及可靠性工程技术研究中心,江苏 苏州 215004;
    3.生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京 100082;
    4.生态环境部辐射环境监测技术中心,杭州 310012
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-03 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-07-29
  • 作者简介:黄彦君(1979—),男,2002年毕业于南华大学核工程与核技术专业,2007年毕业于南京大学粒子物理与原子核物理专业,获博士学位,正高级工程师。E-mail:hyj1231@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0716300)

A study on the construction method of reporting level system forenvironmental radiation monitoring at nuclear power plants

HUANG Yanjun1,2, JIANG Jin3, CAO Zhonggang4, ZHAO Feng1,2   

  1. 1. Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute Co., Ltd. ; Jiangsu Suzhou 215004;
    2. National Engineering Research Center for Nuclear Power Plants Safety and Reliability, Jiangsu Suzhou 215004;
    3. Nuclear and Radiation Safety center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100082;
    4. Radiation Monitoring Technical Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Hangzhou 310012
  • Received:2026-03-03 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-07-29

摘要: 建立科学的辐射环境监测报告水平体系是提升核电厂辐射环境监管效能的重要环节。本文系统梳理了辐射环境监测报告水平的理论基础,调研了美国、法国等国家以及中国台湾地区的相关制度实践,基于对多个核电厂关键居民组各照射途径的剂量贡献分析,将0.25 mSv/a剂量管理限值按途径进行分配,并据此提出了涵盖空气、水、土壤、生物等介质中60Co、137Cs、3H等核素的报告水平初步建议值。探讨构建“监测-评估-触发-行动”的闭环管理流程和方法,旨在为完善我国辐射环境质量评价和监管的定量化、精准化提供方法学参考和初步的技术依据。

关键词: 核电厂, 辐射环境监测, 报告水平, 监管体系

Abstract: Establishing a scientific environmental radiation monitoring reporting level system is a crucial step in enhancing the effectiveness of radiation environmental regulation for nuclear power plants. This paper systematically reviews the theoretical foundations of the reporting level for environmental radiation monitoring and investigates the relevant institutional practices in countries including the United States and France, as well as Taiwan Region of China. Based on an analysis of the dose contributions from various exposure pathways to the critical group around major nuclear power plants in China, an attempt is made to allocate the total dose management objective of 0.25 mSv/a to individual pathways. Consequently, preliminary recommendations for reporting level values for key radionuclides, including 60Co, 137Cs, and 3H, in environmental media such as air, water, soil, and biota. Furthermore, the research constructs a closed-loop management system of “monitoring-assessment-triggering-action”, aiming to provide methodological reference and a preliminary technical scheme for improving the quantification and precision of environmental radiation quality assessment and regulation in China.

Key words: nuclear power plant, environmental radiation monitoring, reporting level, regulatory system

中图分类号: 

  • X837