Table of Content

20 December 2019 Volume 39 Issue 6

  

Recent Advances in Radiation Protective Agent Research

Liu Xiaoqiang, Zhang Xijin, Ma Dexun, Liu Shufeng

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(6):  1-5. 

Abstract ( 109 )   PDF (743KB) ( 310 )  

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The structure and function of cells and tissues of the human body may change after exposure to a certain dose of radiation. The main mechanism is that, after the ionization produces a large number of free radicals, the DNA and telomerase in the cell are destroyed, the mitochondrial membrane potential homeostasis is destroyed, and the apoptosis, abnormal proliferation and function change of the cell are then resulted. The existing radiation protective agents and natural drugs are reviewed briefly, and the possible mechanisms are discussed. N-acetylcysteine is the main component of hydrogen thiol radiation protective agent. Vitamins mainly include vitamin E and vitamin C. There are many kinds of plant polysaccharides with radiation protection effect. Immune modulators and granulocyte colony factor in cytokines have good radiation protection effect. A natural ingredient of Chinese medicine, 14-deoxydioxy-11, 12-dihydrographolide, as a new anti-radiation drug, is worth further study for its mechanism of action.

Investigation on Types and Doses of Interventional Therapy for Children with Congenital Heart Disease in a Class Three a Grade Hospital in 2017

Min Nan, Chen Yingmin, Liu Qian, Yang Shuhui

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(6):  6-9. 

Abstract ( 71 )   PDF (708KB) ( 94 )  

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A retrospective investigation of 297 children with congenital heart disease (CHD) was conducted, to understand the status and exposure doses of interventional treatment for children with congenital heart disease and provide reference for formulating the guidance level of CHD interventional treatment in children. These children have underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in a 3A hospital in Jinan in 2017. The patient′s information, tube voltage (kV), tube current (mA), fluoroscopy time, contrast frame number, cumulative dose, dose area product and other parameters were inquired. It showed that the most common type of interventional treatment for CHD was ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure, with the highest cumulative dose (CD) and the dose area product (DAP) recorded by DSA. The differences in ages and genders were not significant. The dose results are not significantly different from those given by other scholars.

Clinical Observation of Oxygen Therapy Combined with Three Dimensional-Conformal Radiotherapy in The Treatment of Elderly Esophageal Cancer

Jiang Xiaojuan, Huang Yong, Bi Jinling

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(6):  10-13. 

Abstract ( 77 )   PDF (704KB) ( 47 )  

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The sensitization effect of oxygen therapy on 3D conformal radiotherapy for elderly esophageal cancer is discussed. A total of 72 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed by pathology in our hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups of equal numbers. Patients in the treatment group were given oxygen at 5 L/min for 2 hours before the beginning of radiotherapy, then at 3 L/min until 2 hours before the next radiotherapy. The control group received only radiotherapy. The radiotherapy method was 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), with a dose of 57.6-64 Gy(1.8-2.0 Gy/32f). The results showed that there were significant differences in the incidence of radiation pneumonia and radiation esophagitis between the 2 groups, with short-term remission rates of 85.3% and 57.6% respectively. There was no significant difference in 1-year survival between groups. It indicates that, combined with oxygen therapy, 3DCRT can improve the short-term efficacy and also reduce the occurrence of radiation pneumonia and radiation esophagitis in terms of adverse reactions of radiotherapy, which can be considered for clinical application.

Radiation Protection for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients with ¹³¹I Therapy

Gao Hongbo, Bai Jing, Li Longmin, Liu Haichun, Zhang Xiaoyong, Shao Yujun, Pang hua

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(6):  14-18. 

Abstract ( 76 )   PDF (723KB) ( 128 )  

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Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) often need ¹³¹I treatment after total or subtotal thyroidectomy. When a single dose of ¹³¹I exceeds 400 MBq, they need to be hospitalized for isolation. With the continuous increase of DTC patients, ¹³¹I treatment is becoming more and more widely used, and the amount of application is getting larger and larger. Associated radiation protection issue has thus attracted widespread attention. Some protective measures and matters, which need to be taken during and after ¹³¹I treatment, is presented from the aspects of ward environmental protection, patient self-protection, medical staff protection, and surrounding crowd protection. It’s intended to better protect of patients, medical staff and the public.

Technology Analysis and Practice of Foreign Object Salvage in Pools and Pressure Vessels of Nuclear Power Plants

Jiang Lei

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(6):  19-23. 

Abstract ( 139 )   PDF (709KB) ( 166 )  

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At present, the methods of salvaging foreign objects in pools and pressure vessels of nuclear power plants in China mainly include heavy hammer sticking, water purification, vacuum suction. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and is suitable for different working environments. Foreign objects are mainly generated in component pools, reactor pools, pressure vessels, spent fuel pools, etc., to which nuclear power plants have been paid close attention. They are analyzed, with some suggestions provided on the methods of salvaging that should be used. With the foreign objects in pressure vessels as an example, we analyze and discuss the salvage work from preparation to implementation, which focuses on the risk control in the process.

Discussion on Transport Index and Amplification Factor of Radioactive Material

Gao Peng, Ma Guoxue

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(6):  24-26. 

Abstract ( 147 )   PDF (726KB) ( 82 )  

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As an important indicator to the safety in the transportation of radioactive materials, the determination of Transport Index is a key task. However, due to the diversity of packages, there are often misunderstandings in the actual transportation activities. Class I surface contaminated object and its amplification coefficient are discussed with examples, to provide a reference to a more rational use of Transport Index and the amplification coefficient, so as to ensure the transport safety of radioactive materials.