预制裂隙下铀尾矿库土质覆盖层氡析出实验研究

辐射防护 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 603-610.

预制裂隙下铀尾矿库土质覆盖层氡析出实验研究

汪弘^1,2,3, 何润程², 刘永^2,3, 洪昌寿^2,3, 李向阳^2,3, 罗梦柯^2,3, 王建敏²

1.南华大学核科学技术学院,湖南衡阳 421001;
2.南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001;
3.湖南省铀尾矿库退役治理技术工程技术研究中心,湖南衡阳 421001

收稿日期:2022-01-19 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2023-01-05
作者简介:汪弘(1988—),男,2016年毕业于江西理工大学矿业工程专业,获硕士学位,实验师。E-mail:wanghong802@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(11875164);国防科工局“十三五”技术基础科研项目(JSZL2018403B001);湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210555332)。

Experimental study on the radon exhalation from the soil overburden of uranium tailing pond under prefabricated fractures

WANG Hong^1,2,3, HE Runcheng², LIU Yong^2,3, HONG Changshou^2,3, LI Xiangyang^2,3, LUO Mengke^2,3, WANG Jianmin²

1. School of Nuclear Science and Technology,University of South China , Hunan Hengyang 421001;
2. School of Resource Environmental and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001;
3. Hunan Province Engineering Technology Research Centre of Uranium Tailings Treatment Technology,Hunan Hengyang 421001

Received:2022-01-19 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2023-01-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对铀尾矿库滩面覆盖层裂隙氡析出问题,通过自制试验装置开展铀尾矿库滩面裂隙氡析出模拟实验,研究了不同裂隙参数(深度、数量和倾角)对覆盖层氡析出的影响。结果表明:氡的析出主要受孔隙-裂隙运移路径的影响,氡析出率与裂隙深度呈线性正相关;滩面裂隙倾角增大最短孔隙运移距离缩短,滩面氡析出增加,倾斜角60°较45°时的氡析出率增长0.164 Bq·m^-2·s^-1;孔隙-裂隙路径对滩面氡析出存在影响边界,裂隙影响区域重叠后,氡析出增加量大幅减少;引入最短孔隙路径占比ζ,最短孔隙路径占比ζ与氡析出率J之间有良好的相关性。研究结果可为尾矿库滩面覆土的控氡治理提供理论参考依据。

关键词: 尾矿库滩面, 土质覆盖层, 预制裂隙, 孔隙-裂隙运移, 氡析出率

Abstract: Faced with the problem of radon exhalation from fractures in soil overburden layer of uranium tailing pond, a simulation experiment of radon exhalation from fractures in soil overburden layer of uranium tailing pond was carried out with a self-made test device, and the effects of different fracture parameters (depth, number and dip angle) on radon exhalation from overburden layer were studied. The results show that the radon exhalation is mainly affected by the pore-fracture migration path, and the radon exhalation rate has a positive linear correlation with the fracture depth. The shortest pore migration distance is shortened with the increase of fracture inclination angle, and the radon exhalation rate for slope angle of 60° increases by 0.164 Bq·m^-2·s^-1 than that of 45°. The pore-fracture path has an influence boundary on radon exhalation on tailing pond surface, and the increase of radon exhalation decreases greatly after the overlap of the fracture affected area. The shortest pore path proportion ζ is introduced, and there is a good correlation between ζ and radon precipitation J. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for radon control of tailing pond surface.

Key words: uranium tailing pond surface, soil overburden layer, prefabricated fracture, pore-fracture migration, radon exhalation rate

中图分类号:

X591

汪弘, 何润程, 刘永, 洪昌寿, 李向阳, 罗梦柯, 王建敏. 预制裂隙下铀尾矿库土质覆盖层氡析出实验研究[J]. 辐射防护, 2022, 42(6): 603-610.

WANG Hong, HE Runcheng, LIU Yong, HONG Changshou, LI Xiangyang, LUO Mengke, WANG Jianmin. Experimental study on the radon exhalation from the soil overburden of uranium tailing pond under prefabricated fractures[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2022, 42(6): 603-610.

参考文献

[1] 胡良才,郭大平,李哲辉,等. 某铀尾渣库退役治理覆盖系统设计[J]. 铀矿冶,2021,40(01):70-75.
HU Liangcai,GUO Daping,LI Zhehui,et al. Design of cover system for decommissioning of uranium mill tailings pond[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,2021,40(01):70-75.
[2] 张东升,张炜,马立强,等.覆岩采动裂隙氡气探测研究进展及展望[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(06):1082-1097.
ZHANG Dongsheng,ZHANG Wei,MA Liqiang,et al. Developments and prospects of detecting mining-induced fractures in overlying strata by radon[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2016,45(06):1082-1097.
[3] 冯酉森,邬剑明,王俊峰,等. 自燃火区上覆不同孔隙率介质对氡迁移的影响探讨[J]. 煤炭技术,2014,33(06):22-24.
FENG Yousen,WU Jianming,WANG Junfeng,et al. Discussion of impact of radon migration spontaneous combustion fire area with different porosity[J]. Coal Technology,2014,33(06):22-24.
[4] 张炜,孙毓言,张东升,等. 新疆伊犁矿区采动覆岩活动规律氡气探测三维物理模拟试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2019,36(06):1102-1108.
ZHANG Wei,SUN Yuyan,ZHANG Dongsheng,et al. Three-dimensional physical simulation test for activity laws of mining-induced overburden by radon detection in Yili mining area of Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2019,36(06):1102-1108.
[5] 刘艳,刘永,徐正华,等. 长期高温下铀尾矿库覆土层控氡性能研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报,2020,30(03):171-177.
LIU Yan,LIU Yong,XU Zhenghua,et al. Research on radon control performance of covering soil in uranium tailings pond under long time high temperature[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2020,30(03):171-177.
[6] 韩帅,孙萍,李荣建,等. 甘肃天水地区强降雨诱发黄土-泥岩滑坡机理实验研究[J]. 现代地质,2021,35(03):720-731.
HAN Shuai,SUN Ping,LI Rongjian,et al. Experimental study on mechanism of heavy rainfall-induced loess-mudstone landslides in Tianshui Area Gansu[J]. Geoscience,2021,35(03):720-731.
[7] 钱昭宇,涂国祥,赵石力,等. X、Y状裂隙对堆积体降雨入渗的差异性影响研究[J]. 水力发电,2020,46(08):92-98.
[8] 魏凌傲,王正君,郜迪. 不同类型降雨条件下含裂隙土质边坡渗流特性分析[J]. 三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(05):11-16.
WEI Ling’ao,WANG Zhengjun,GAO Di. Analysis of seepage characteristics of fractured slope under different rainfall types[J]. Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2018,40(05):11-16.
[9] 刘观仕,陈永贵,曾宪云,等. 环境湿度与温度对压实膨胀土裂隙发育影响试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报,2020,42(02):260-268.
LIU Guanshi,CHEN Yonggui,ZENG Xianyun,et al. Effects of ambient air humidity and temperature on fracture development of compacted expansive soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2020,42(02):260-268.
[10] Thu P,Thang N V,Hao C L. The effects of some soil characteristics on radon emanation and diffusion[J]. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2020,216:106189.
[11] 茅钰才,王云祥,张磊,等. 基于土壤氡源的湿度可调控的氡室系统[J]. 辐射防护,2020,40(05):402-407.
MAO Yucai,WANG Yunxiang,ZHANG Lei,et al. Study on a humidity controllable radon chamber system based on soil-radon[J]. Radiation Protection,2020,40(05):402-407.
[12] 孙轲,张磊,郭秋菊. 土壤氡析出率的连续测量研究[J]. 辐射防护,2014,34(01):27-32.
SUN Ke,ZHANG Lei,GUO Qiuju. Study on continuous measurement technique for radon exhalation rate of soil[J].Radiation Protection,2014,34(01):27-32.
[13] 李志强,肖德涛,赵桂芝,等. 泄露和反扩散对氡析出率测量的影响研究[J]. 核电子学与探测技术,2015,35(12):1255-1258.
LI Zhiqiang,XIAO Detao,ZHAO Guizh,et al. Research on the effect of leakage and back diffusion on measurement radon exhalation rate[J]. Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology,2015,35(12):1255-1258.
[14] Pla C,Cuezva S,Martinez-Martinez J,et al. Role of soil pore structure in water infiltration and CO₂ exchange between the atmosphere and underground air in the vadose zone:A combined laboratory and field approach[J]. Catena,2017,149:402-416.
[15] 王锦,刘永,章求才,等. 红壤覆盖层性状对铀尾矿库滩面氡析出影响的试验研究[J]. 矿业研究与开发,2021,41(03):159-163.
[16] Nicolas A,Girault F,Schubnel A,et al. Radon emanation from brittle fracturing in granite under upper crustal conditions[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2014,41(15):5436-5443.
[17] 黄帅,彭小勇,张欣,等. 铀尾矿库滩面析出氡在覆土中运移的数值模拟[J].安全与环境学报,2014,14(03):176-179.
HUANG Shuai,PENG Xiaoyong,ZHANG Xin,et al. Numerical simulation of radon migration from the impoundment beach with uranium tailings in the surface soil[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment,2014,14(03):176-179.
[18] 葛良全,姜海静,赖万昌,等. 地-空界面天然氡辐射场的数理模型[J]. 自然科学进展,2009,19(012):1393-1397.
GE Liangquan,JIANG Haijing,LAI Wanchang,et al. Mathematical model of natural radon radiation field at the earth-air interface[J]. Progress in Natural Science,2009,19(012):1393-1397.
[19] 贾文懿,方方,周蓉生,等. 氡及其子体运移规律与机理研究[J]. 核技术,2000(03):169-175.
JIA Wenyi,FANG Fang,ZHOU Rongsheng,et al. Studies on the migration rule and mechanism of radon and its daughters[J]. Nuclear Techniques,2000(03):169-175.