放射性废液蒸发器除垢方案设计及验证

辐射防护 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 137-143.

放射性废液蒸发器除垢方案设计及验证

邵延江, 李莉, 穆建波, 赵大鹏, 龙泊康, 车建业

中国原子能科学研究院,北京 102413

收稿日期:2019-12-13 发布日期:2020-05-15
作者简介:邵延江(1985—),男, 2012-06毕业于南华大学核燃料循环专业,工程师。E-mail:shaoyanjiang401@126.com

Design and verification of a descaling scheme for radioactive waste liquid evaporator

SHAO Yanjiang, LI Li, MU Jianbo, ZHAO Dapeng, LONG Bokang, CHE Jianye

China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413

Received:2019-12-13 Published:2020-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对放射性废液蒸发器处理能力短时间内明显下降,采用郎格利尔指数(LSI)等方法,对蒸发器结垢和腐蚀趋势进行了判断;重点分析了pH、蒸发温度、Ca²⁺浓度、原液流速对蒸发结垢速率的影响。结果表明:蒸发原液已具备结垢和腐蚀趋势,pH等因素改变增加了蒸发器结垢速率,结垢后蒸发器蒸发强度下降75%。借鉴民用蒸发器常用除垢方法,结合核行业蒸发器除垢具有的放射性安全要求,设计了一套放射性废液蒸发器浸泡式酸性除垢方案,用氨基磺酸进行除垢试验;经实际验证:该方案安全可行,除垢效果明显,除垢后蒸发器处理能力恢复至原设计值0.6 m³/h。

关键词: 蒸发器, 结垢分析, 酸性除垢剂, 除垢

Abstract: In view of an obvious decline in processing capacity of radioactive liquid waste evaporator in a short period of time, the method of Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) was used to judge the scaling and corrosion tendency in the evaporator. Effects of pH, evaporation temperature, Ca²⁺ concentration and stock solution flow rate on evaporation scaling rate were analyzed. The results show that the evaporation liquid has the tendency of scaling and corrosion. Variations of pH and other factors increase the scaling rate of the evaporator. After scaling, the evaporation intensity of the evaporator decreases by 75%. An immersion acid descaling scheme for radioactive waste liquid evaporator was designed, based on commonly used descaling methods for civil evaporators and combining with safety requirements of nuclear industry evaporators. It has been verified by experiments that this scheme is safe and feasible. The descaling effect is obvious, and the processing capacity of the evaporator has restored to its original design value of 0.6 m³/h after descaling.

Key words: evaporator, scaling analysis, immersion, acidic descaling, verification

中图分类号:

TL941+.12

邵延江,李莉,穆建波,赵大鹏,龙泊康,车建业. 放射性废液蒸发器除垢方案设计及验证[J]. 辐射防护, 2020, 40(2): 137-143.

SHAO Yanjiang, LI Li, MU Jianbo, ZHAO Dapeng, LONG Bokang, CHE Jianye. Design and verification of a descaling scheme for radioactive waste liquid evaporator[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2020, 40(2): 137-143.

参考文献

[1] 杨庆,候立安,王佑君.中低水平放射性废水处理技术研究进展[J].环境科学与管理,2007,32(9):104-106,117.
YANG Qing, HOU Lian, WANG Youjun. Progress in study of the low and medium level radioactive liquid waste treatment[J]. Environmental Science and Management,2007,32(9) 104-106,117.
[2] 柴诚敬,张国亮,夏清,等.化工原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:284-293.
[3] 董太一.实用结垢指数简介[J].化工给排水设计,1993(1):29－31.
DONG Taiyi. Introduction to the practical scaling index[J]. Chemical water supply and drainage design,1993(1):29－31.
[4] 邢晓凯,马重芳,陈永昌,等.溶液pH值对碳酸钙结垢的影响[J].石油化工设备,2004,33(5):11-14.
XING Xiaokai, MA Chongfang, CHEN Yongchang,et al. A experimental study of influence of pH on calcium carbonate crystallization fouling[J]. Petro-Chemical Equipment, 2004,33(5):11-14.
[5] 谌德强,白小峰,周兵,等.低放废液蒸发浓缩过程中结垢性能影响因素分析[J].广州化工,2018,46(9):51-54. SHEN Deqiang, BAI Xiaofeng, ZHOU Bin,et al. Influence factors of scaling performance of low waste liquid during evaporation and concentration [J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2018,46(9):51-54.
[6] 杨祖荣,Woon-Young Yoon,W.J.Frederick.蒸发器中结垢速率研究[J],化工学报,1992,43(2):154-159.
YANG Zurong, Woon-Young Yoon,W.J.Frederick. The rate of liquor side fouling in evaporators[J].Joural of Chemical Industry and Engineering,1992,43(2):154-159.
[7] Kern D,Seaton R E. A theoretical analysis of thermal surface fouling[J]. Chem. Eng. Prog, 1959, 4(5): 258-262.
[8] 蔡爱斌,吴建军,候德霞,等.中原油田回注水结垢问题分析[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2004,21(2):62-64.
CAI Aibin, WU Jianjun, HOU Dexia, et al. Analysis of fouling problem of well injection water in Zhongyuan Oil field[J]. Corrosion &|Protection in Petrochemical Industry, 2004,21(2):62-64.
[9] 袁卫昌,袁庆怡.氨基磺酸的清洗技术[J].清洗世界,2008(1):35-36.
YUAN Weichang, YUAN Qingyi. Cleaning technology of amino sulfonicacid[J].Cleaning World,2008(1):35-36.