在线式放射性液态流出物监测仪研制

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文针对核设施中液态流出物关键伽马核素⁶⁰Co、¹³⁷Cs的测量,采用自主专利等多项技术设计样机,基于NaI(Sodium Iodide)闪烁体探测器的自动核素识别,开发了探测灵敏度更好、质量更轻便且满足通用的建筑承载能力的在线式液态流出物监测装置。设计加工集成的样机经过能量刻度、效率刻度、感兴趣区自动划分核素识别测试,并通过国家一级计量站校准测试,经过超过500多小时实验,其性能稳定可靠,具有核素识别能力,测试显示⁶⁰Co、¹³⁷Cs探测限小于0.088 Bq/L。对比国内传统监测技术,质量减轻接近1个数量级,探测灵敏度提升超过2个数量级,监测技术及其样机从技术能力而言也适用于饮用水伽马关键核素活度浓度监测。

关键词: 液态流出物, 监测仪, 多道, 探测, 排放, 碘化钠

Abstract: In this paper,a radionuclide identification continuous liquid radioactive effluent prototype monitor based on NaI detector was developed based on indigenous patent methods for the measurement of the key gamma radionuclide such as ⁶⁰Co,¹³⁷Cs in nuclear facilities.The monitor had been tested for more than 500 hours.Results showed it is stable and reliable,and has the ability of radionuclide identification.Through the national level Laboratories verification of the efficiency and 500 hours test,the detection limit of continuous liquid radioactive effluent monitor was achieved around 0.088 Bq/L.The results showed that it improves the detection limit nearly two orders of magnitude lower and the weight decreased one order of magnitude lower.The device can also be applied to monitor key gamma nuclides activity concentration in drinking water.This study has important reference value for the detection of effluent.And the developed instrument could be easier for radiation controlling monitoring because of the lower installation conditions requirements than traditional instruments.

Key words: radioactive liquid effluent, monitor, multi-channel, detection, discharge, naI

中图分类号:

TL812

沈福. 在线式放射性液态流出物监测仪研制[J]. 辐射防护, 2020, 40(6): 533-539.

SHEN Fu. On line continuous liquid radioactive effluent monitoring[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2020, 40(6): 533-539.

参考文献

[1] 核工业标准化研究所.电离辐射防护与辐国标射源安全基本标准:GB 18871—2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[2] 中国原子能科学研究院.核设施流出物监测的一般规定:GB 11217—89[S].国家环境保护总局.1989.
[3] 苏州热工研究院有限公司,环境保护部核与辐射安全中心.核电厂辐射防护规定:GB 6249—2011[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011.
[4] 苏州热工研究院有限公司,环境保护部核与辐射安全中心.核电厂放射性液态流出物排放技术要求:GB 14587—2011[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011.
[5] 中国辐射防护研究院.核燃料循环放射性流出物归一化排放量管理限值:GB 13695—1992[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1992.
[6] 国营二元二厂.液态排出流或地表水β、γ放射性连续活度监测设备:GB/T 10253—2001[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[7] IEC.Equipment for monitoring of radionuclides in liquid effluents and surface waters:IEC 60861—2006[S].2006.
[8] Frazier Bronson.Automatic gamma spectroscopic water monitor[R].
[9] American National Standards Institute.Draft American national standard for performance criteria for radiobioassay:ANSI-N-13.30[S].1989.
[10] National Comittee on Radiation Protection.Exposures from the uranium series with emphasis on Radon and its daughters[R].NCRP Report No.77,1991.
[11] National Comittee on Radiation Protection.Exposure of the population in the United States and Canada from natural background radiation[R].NCRP Report No 94,1987.
[12] National Council on Radiation Protection.Cesium-137 from the environment to man:metabolism and dose[R].NCRP Report No 52,1977.
[13] 沈福.高活度废放射源整备过程中的屏蔽计算[J].辐射防护通讯,2008,28(5:23-26.
SHEN Fu.Shielding calculation on spent high activity radioactive sources conditioning[J].Radiation Protection Bulletin,2008,28 (5):23-26.
[14] SHEN Fu.Application of MCNP to study the shielding effect of zinc bromide solution[J].Progress in Nuclear and Technology,2011,1:98-101.
[15] SHEN Fu.An optimized design method for sampling system of liquid outflow measuring device:ZL201210526282.2[P].2012.
[16] SHEN Fu.An optimized on-line liquid outflow sampling system:ZL201220674743.3[P].2012.
[17] SHEN Fu.A structurally optimized movable liquid outflow monitoring device:ZL201420692457.9[P]2014.