辐射防护 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 26-32.

• 辐射防护监测 • 上一篇    下一篇

哈尔滨燃煤电厂周围土壤放射性水平的分析

刘春雨1,2, 于洋2,3   

  1. 1.海军装备研究院博士后工作站,北京 100161;
    2.哈尔滨工程大学核安全与仿真技术国防重点学科实验室, 哈尔滨 150001;
    3.黑龙江省辐射环境监督站,哈尔滨 150001
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-30 出版日期:2018-01-20 发布日期:2020-07-20
  • 作者简介:刘春雨(1976—),男,1998年7月毕业于哈尔滨建筑大学供热通风与空调工程专业,2004年3月毕业于哈尔滨工程大学核能科学与工程专业,获工学硕士学位,2009年7月毕业于哈尔滨工程大学核能科学与工程专业,获工学博士学位,副教授。E-mail: chunyu1976@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资金资助项目(2013RFQXJ093)。

Analysis of radiation level in soil around coal-fired power plants in Harbin

LIU Chunyu1,2, YU Yang2,3   

  1. 1. Postdoctoral Programme, Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing 100161;
    2. Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001;
    3. Radiation Environment Supervision Station of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150001
  • Received:2016-11-30 Online:2018-01-20 Published:2020-07-20

摘要: 煤炭燃烧过程中,放射性核素会不同程度的在飞灰和炉渣中富集,进而随着飞灰和炉渣进入土壤环境中,对土壤造成不同程度的放射性污染。本文以哈尔滨群力燃煤电厂和呼兰燃煤电厂为研究对象,在距电厂1 km范围内布设采样点,每个采样点土壤分3层采样,即A层深度:0~10 cm,B层深度:10~20 cm,C层深度:20~30 cm。利用高纯锗γ谱仪测量土样中的天然放射性核素,分析了燃煤电厂周围土壤样品中238U、232Th、226Ra、40K的含量,并与黑龙江省土壤天然放射性核素测量结果进行了比较。结果表明,在群力电厂和呼兰电厂1 km范围内周围土壤中,除了天然放射性核素238U以外,其他3种核素含量都未超出全省含量最大值,其中核素232Th的含量甚至低于全省大部分地区;燃煤电厂的长期运行给土壤环境带来了一定的放射性影响,土壤本底的放射性核素含量发生了一些变化,这种变化在呼兰电厂周围的土壤中表现得更为明显,但是并未超出国家规定的标准,污染程度在可接受的范围内。

关键词: 燃煤电厂, 土壤, 放射性水平

Abstract: Radionuclides can accumulate in fly ash and slag in the process of coal burning at different levels and fall into the soil resulting in radioactive contamination. The sampling points were located within 1 km to the Qunli and Hulan coal-fired power plants, and each sampling point was divided into three layers of different depth: A layer for 0—10 cm, B layer for 10—20 cm, and C layer for 20—30 cm. The natural radionuclides in soil samples were measured by high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer, and the specific activities of 238U, 232Th, 226Ra and 40K in the soil surrounding the coal-fired power plants were analyzed and compared with the measurement results of natural radionuclides in soils from the Heilongjiang province. Results showed that the long-term operation of the coal-fired power plants has increased the radiation levels, but it is still below the national standards.

Key words: coal-fired power plant, soil, radioactivity

中图分类号: 

  • TL75+1