基于口腔—肠道—肺轴探讨菌群在放射性肺炎中的研究进展

辐射防护 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 645-654.

基于口腔—肠道—肺轴探讨菌群在放射性肺炎中的研究进展

姚尧¹, 夏蕾^1,2,3, 樊赛军²

1.重庆医科大学附属第二医院肿瘤中心,肿瘤免疫治疗重庆市重点实验室,重庆 401336;
2.中国医学科学院北京协和医学院放射医学研究所,天津放射医学和分子核医学重点实验室,天津 300110;
3.天津医科大学肿瘤放疗科,国家癌症研究中心,天津市癌症临床研究中心,肿瘤预防和治疗重点实验室,天津 300060

收稿日期:2025-05-27 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2026-01-14
通讯作者: 夏蕾。E-mail:xialei@cqmu.edu.cn
作者简介:姚尧(2001—),女,2024年毕业于山西医科大学临床医学专业,获学士学位,现为重庆医科大学肿瘤学专业硕士研究生。E-mail:yao13657613211@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金委员会青年科学基金项目(82304072);国家自然科学基金委员会面上科学基金项目(32571421)。

Research progress in the role of microbiome in radiation pneumonia based on the oral—gut—lung axis

YAO Yao¹, XIA Lei^1,2,3, FAN Saijun²

1. Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Chongqing 401336;
2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300110;
3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060

Received:2025-05-27 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2026-01-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 放射性肺炎(RP)作为胸部肿瘤放疗常见的严重并发症和剂量限制因素,发生率达10%~30%,一旦发生,会引起肺功能不可逆的改变,导致放疗中断或停止,产生严重的临床后果,目前尚缺乏有效的防治手段。人体共生着数量巨大的菌群,由于口腔、肺部和肠道在解剖上相通,肠道与肺部粘膜免疫系统相互联系,所以口腔菌群及肠道菌群不仅影响口腔及肠道本身,也可以通过自身或代谢产物经血道间接,或体腔移植直接影响肺部疾病的进程。本文基于口腔、肠道菌群对肺部疾病的相互作用及影响,提出“口腔—肠道—肺轴”在RP发生发展中的关键作用,通过调节口腔及肠道菌群平衡,为RP的临床防治提供新的策略,同时也为加强患者养成良好口腔及肠道菌群健康意识的科普宣传提供循证医学证据。

关键词: 放射性肺炎, 口腔微生物, 肠道微生物, 口腔—肠道—肺轴

Abstract: Radiation pneumonia, as a common and severe complication as well as a dose-limiting factor in radiotherapy for thoracic tumors, has an incidence rate ranging from 10% to 30%. Once RP occurs, it can cause irreversible changes in lung function, resulting in the interruption or cessation of radiotherapy and serious clinical consequences. Currently, there is a lack of effective prevention and treatment methods. A vast number of microbial communities coexist in the human body. Due to the anatomical connection between the oral cavity, lungs, and intestines, and the interconnection between the mucosal immune systems of the intestinal and pulmonary tracts, the oral and intestinal microbiota not only affect the oral cavity and intestines themselves, but also can indirectly affect the course of lung diseases through their own or metabolic products via the bloodstream or directly through body cavity transplantation. Based on the interaction and influence of the oral and intestinal microbiota on lung diseases, this paper proposes the crucial role of the “oral—intestinal—pulmonary axis” in the occurrence and development of RP. By regulating the balance of the oral and intestinal microbiota, this paper offers a new strategy for the clinical prevention and treatment of RP, and simultaneously provides evidence-based medical evidence for strengthening the popularization of scientific knowledge to enhance patients′ awareness of maintaining good oral and intestinal microbiota health.

Key words: radiation pneumonia, oral microbiota, Gut microbiome, oral—gut—lung axis

中图分类号:

R818

姚尧, 夏蕾, 樊赛军. 基于口腔—肠道—肺轴探讨菌群在放射性肺炎中的研究进展[J]. 辐射防护, 2025, 45(6): 645-654.

YAO Yao, XIA Lei, FAN Saijun. Research progress in the role of microbiome in radiation pneumonia based on the oral—gut—lung axis[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2025, 45(6): 645-654.

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