核电厂放射性废活性炭清洁解控实践

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于国内近几年轻微污染物料相关解控实践经验,依据我国现行的法律法规、标准相关要求,对暂存的102桶废活性炭开展清洁解控评估工作,通过源项分析、辐射水平测量、取样代表性评估和清洁解控评估等工作,对解控后的废活性炭焚烧处理所致工人及居民的年有效剂量进行了估算。分析发现,在确保取样代表性的前提下,放射性废活性炭最佳测量时间为30 000 s、最佳采样比例为50%;该批样品的放射性核素活度浓度满足国家标准GB 27742—2011的清洁解控要求;解控后的活性炭焚烧处理过程中对工人及周围居民的年有效剂量满足再利用过程的剂量准则要求。

关键词: 核电厂, 活性炭, 清洁解控

Abstract: Based on recent practical experience in the clearance control of slightly contaminated materials in China and in accordance with current national laws, regulations, standards, and relevant requirements, a clearance assessment was conducted for 102 temporarily stored barrels of waste activated carbon. Through source term analysis, radiation level measurement, sampling representativeness evaluation, and clearance assessment, the annual effective doses to workers and residents resulting from the incineration of the cleared waste activated carbon were estimated.Analysis results indicate that, under the premise of ensuring sampling representativeness, the optimal measurement time for radioactive waste activated carbon is 30,000 s, and the optimal sampling ratio is 50%. The activity concentration of radionuclides in the waste activated carbon samples complies with the deah release criteria outhined in GB 27742—2011.The annual effective doses to workers and surrounding residents during the incineration process of the cleared activated carbon meet the dose criteria for reuse processes.

Key words: nuclear power plants, activated carbon, clearance assessment

中图分类号:

TL94

李科, 刘丹, 黄后顺, 韩旭, 郭喜良, 高超, 闫晓俊. 核电厂放射性废活性炭清洁解控实践[J]. 辐射防护, 2025, 45(5): 530-539.

LI Ke, LIU Dan, HUANG Houshun, HAN Xu, GUO Xiliang, GAO Chao, YAN Xiaojun. Clearance practice of radioactive activated carbon generated by nuclear power plants[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2025, 45(5): 530-539.

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