含铀洗消废水处理膜通量超声强化恢复研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对含铀洗消废水表面活性剂含量高、含放射性、成分复杂等特点,采用超声强化膜分离技术处理含铀洗消废水,研究了超声波对陶瓷膜通量恢复的作用,及超声时间、超声频率、膜污染时间等因素对陶瓷膜通量的影响规律,并与传统的清洗技术进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,超声时间6 min、超声频率35 kHz时清洗效果较好。针对不同污染程度陶瓷膜通量可恢复至原通量的70%~95%,同时较普通冲洗技术有明显的优势,在较低浓度时超声清洗效果较水冲洗提升30%以上,较高浓度时仍可提升15%左右,膜通量可提升15%~30%。综上,超声强化陶瓷膜可以有效的进行含铀洗消废水的处理,可提升膜通量并降低膜污染,有较好的应用前景。

关键词: 超声, 膜清洗, 陶瓷膜, 洗消废水, 铀

Abstract: Considering the characteristics of uranium decontamination wastewater, such as high surfactant content, radioactivity and complicated component, this study used ultrasonic enhanced membrane separation technology to treat the uranium decontamination wastewater. This study explored the cleaning effects of ultrasonic working time, ultrasonic frequency, membrane contamination time and other factors on the flux of the ceramic membrane, and analyzed the comparison result with the traditional cleaning technology. The results show the cleaning effect is better when the ceramic membrane pore size is 0.2 μm, ultrasonic time is 6 min, and ultrasonic frequency is 35 kHz. Ultrasonic enhanced membrane cleaning technology for different levels of contaminaed ceramic membrane flux can be restored to the original flux of 70%-95% and has obvious advantages compared with the ordinary rinsing technology. The ultrasonic cleaning effect of water rinsing can be enhanced to more than 30% for low concentration, and can still be enhanced by about 15% for high concentration. The membrane flux can be enhanced by 15%-30%. In conclusion, the ultrasonic enhanced ceramic membrane can effectively carry out the treatment of uranium-containing decontamination wastewater, enhance the membrane flux and reduce membrane contamination, which has good prospects for application.

Key words: ultrasonic, membrane cleaning, ceramic membranes, decontamination wastewater, uranium

中图分类号:

TL941+.1

郭丽潇, 蒋可为, 李智强, 武明亮, 崔安熙. 含铀洗消废水处理膜通量超声强化恢复研究[J]. 辐射防护, 2025, 45(3): 279-284.

GUO Lixiao. Study on the ultrasonic enhanced recovery of membrane flux in the treatment of uranium-containing decontamination wastewater[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2025, 45(3): 279-284.

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