水中总β放射性测量中样品质量厚度变化的影响及校正

辐射防护 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 612-622.

水中总β放射性测量中样品质量厚度变化的影响及校正

杜云武, 邓晓钦, 毕朝文, 朱杰, 王亮, 王茜, 吕映赋, 王洋洋, 何岱

四川省辐射环境管理监测中心站,成都 610031

收稿日期:2023-09-18 发布日期:2025-01-06
作者简介:杜云武(1970—),男,1995年毕业于四川大学原子核物理与核技术专业,教授级高级工程师。 E-mail:353658296@qq.com

Influence and correction of sample mass thickness variation for total β radioactivity measurement in water

DU Yunwu, DENG Xiaoqin, BI Chaowen, ZHU Jie, WANG Liang, WANG Qian, LV Yingfu, WANG Yangyang, HE Dai

Sichuan Provincial Radiation Environment Management and Monitoring Center Station, Chengdu 610031

Received:2023-09-18 Published:2025-01-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对两种样品介质,通过试验和蒙特卡罗模拟不同质量厚度的天然和人工β放射性核素探测效率,分析探测效率、计数率、探测效率校正因子、探测效率的倒数与质量厚度的关系以及探测效率与能量关系。研究表明:⁴⁰K作标准源,需要用探测效率校正因子进行探测效率修正;²³⁴Th、²¹⁰Pb、²¹²Pb、²²⁸Ra、⁶⁰Co、⁹⁹Tc等β放射性测量,既要采用薄源法,又要利用探测效率校正因子修正;探测效率的倒数与质量厚度成线性关系,可以更优进行探测效率刻度;探测效率与β射线平均能量成指数关系;KCl和CaSO₄两种介质的β射线等效性较好,能够满足相关标准要求。

关键词: β放射性核素, 质量厚度, 探测效率, 校正因子

Abstract: By using two sample media, the detection efficiency of natural and artificial β nuclides with different mass thickness was simulated by experiment and Monte Carlo Method. The relationship between detection efficiency, count rate, detection efficiency correction factor, reciprocal of detection efficiency and mass thickness, as well as detection efficiency and energy were analyzed. The results show that ⁴⁰K is used as the standard source, the detection efficiency correction factor are needed to correct the detection efficiency. The measurement of β radioactivity of ²³⁴Th, ²¹⁰Pb, ²¹²Pb, ²²⁸Ra, ⁶⁰Co, ⁹⁹Tc, etc. should be modified by thin source method and detection efficiency correction factor. The reciprocal of detection efficiency is linear with the mass thickness, which can be used to scale the detection efficiency better. The detection efficiency is exponentially related to the average energy of beta rays. The β ray equivalence of KCl and CaSO₄ media is good and can meet the requirements of relevant standards.

Key words: β nuclide, mass thickness, detection efficiency, correction factor

中图分类号:

X830

杜云武, 邓晓钦, 毕朝文, 朱杰, 王亮, 王茜, 吕映赋, 王洋洋, 何岱. 水中总β放射性测量中样品质量厚度变化的影响及校正[J]. 辐射防护, 2024, 44(6): 612-622.

DU Yunwu, DENG Xiaoqin, BI Chaowen, ZHU Jie, WANG Liang, WANG Qian, LV Yingfu, WANG Yangyang, HE Dai. Influence and correction of sample mass thickness variation for total β radioactivity measurement in water[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2024, 44(6): 612-622.

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