辐致光伏效应同位素电池中辐致荧光换能材料的辐照损伤效应研究

辐射防护 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (S1): 71-77.

辐致光伏效应同位素电池中辐致荧光换能材料的辐照损伤效应研究

许志恒^1,2, 梁冬冬¹, 吴益水¹, 姜同心¹, 汤晓斌^1,2

1.南京航空航天大学核科学与技术系,南京 211106;
2.空间核技术应用与辐射防护工业和信息化部重点实验室,南京 211106

收稿日期:2023-04-11 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-09-14
作者简介:许志恒(1991—),男,2012年毕业于东华理工大学核工程与核技术专业,2019年毕业于南京航空航天大学核技术与材料工程,获博士学位,副研究员。E-mail:xuzhiheng@nuaa.edu.cn

Research on irradiation damage effect of radioluminescent materials in radioluminescent nuclear battery

XU Zhiheng^1,2, LIANG Dongdong¹, WU Yishui¹, JIANG Tongxin¹, TANG Xiaobin^1,2

1. Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106;
2. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing 211106

Received:2023-04-11 Online:2023-08-15 Published:2023-09-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 辐致光伏效应同位素电池具有结构紧凑、可小型化、换能材料可选范围宽等独特优势,被视为辐射粒子转换型同位素电池的典型代表。辐致荧光换能材料是影响辐致光伏效应同位素电池性能的关键一环,其辐照稳定性是确保电池能够长期高效服役的前提。基于此,本文选取辐致光伏效应同位素电池中的典型辐致荧光换能材料——ZnS:Cu作为研究对象,重点探讨了ZnS:Cu荧光层在经受不同强度与类型的射线粒子辐照前后的发光性能,对比辐致荧光光谱、发光强度及相应同位素电池电学性能的变化情况。经测试研究,ZnS:Cu荧光层的耐辐照性能较为良好,在分别经受200 keV、1.25×10¹⁴ cm^-2的质子和100 keV、4.32×10¹⁶ cm^-2的电子辐照后,其发射光谱的峰值光强相比于未辐照时仅衰减了15.23%和13.94%。同时发现辐照损伤效应会引起辐致荧光强度衰减,这也是导致电池电学性能下降的内在原因。而一定强度的伽马辐照可以促进ZnS:Cu荧光层的辐致发光性能,其中基于丙烯薄膜的ZnS:Cu荧光层受辐照剂量为871.0 kGy的伽马辐照后,相应的辐致光伏效应同位素电池的最大输出功率提升了24.59%。本工作对辐致荧光换能材料及相关器件的辐照稳定性评估与性能优化等方面的研究具有积极的促进作用。

关键词: 同位素电池, 能量转换, 辐致荧光, 荧光材料, 辐照损伤

Abstract: Radioluminescent nuclear batteries have unique advantages such as compactness, miniaturization, and a wide range of transducer materials to choose from, and are regarded as a typical representative of radiation-particle-conversion nuclear batteries. Fluorescent material is the key link that affects the performance of the battery, and its irradiation stability is a prerequisite to ensure that the battery can serve efficiently for a long period of time. Based on this, ZnS:Cu, a typical material in radioluminescent nuclear batteries, was selected for the study. The changes in luminescence properties of ZnS:Cu radioluminescent materials after irradiation with different types and intensities of ray particles were emphasized. The changes of parameters such as irradiated fluorescence spectra, luminescence intensity, and the influence laws of fluorescent materials before and after irradiation on the electrical output performance of the corresponding nuclear batteries were compared. The irradiation resistance of the ZnS:Cu fluorescent layers was tested and investigated to be relatively good, and the peak light intensity of its emission spectrum was only attenuated by 15.23% and 13.94% compared with that of the unirradiated one after being irradiated by protons at 200 keV and 1.25×10¹⁴ ions/cm² and electrons at 100 keV and 4.32×10¹⁶ e/cm², respectively. It was also found that the irradiation damage effect causes radioluminescent intensity decay, which is intrinsic to the degradation of the electrical performance of the battery. And a certain intensity of gamma irradiation can promote the irradiation luminescence performance of ZnS:Cu fluorescent layer. Among them, the ZnS:Cu fluorescent layer based on acrylic thin film was subjected to gamma irradiation with an irradiation dose of 871.0 kGy, and the maximum output power of the corresponding nuclear battery was enhanced by 24.59%. This work has positively contributed to the research on irradiation stability assessment and performance optimization of fluorescent materials and related devices.

Key words: nuclear battery, energy conversion, radioluminescence, fluorescent material, irradiation damage

中图分类号:

TL99

许志恒, 梁冬冬, 吴益水, 姜同心, 汤晓斌. 辐致光伏效应同位素电池中辐致荧光换能材料的辐照损伤效应研究[J]. 辐射防护, 2023, 43(S1): 71-77.

XU Zhiheng, LIANG Dongdong, WU Yishui, JIANG Tongxin, TANG Xiaobin. Research on irradiation damage effect of radioluminescent materials in radioluminescent nuclear battery[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION, 2023, 43(S1): 71-77.

参考文献 12

[1]	Bower K E, Barbanel Y A, Shreter Y G, et al. Polymers, phosphors, and voltaics for radioisotope microbatteries[M]. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2002: 35-155.
[2]	Prelas M, Boraas M, Aguilar F D L T, et al. Interactions of ionizing radiation with matter and direct energy conversion[M]. Nuclear Batteries and Radioisotopes. Springer, Cham, 2016: 81-175.
[3]	Sychov M, Kavetsky A, Yakubova G, et al. Alpha indirect conversion radioisotope power source[J]. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2008, 66(2): 173-177.
[4]	JIANG T, XU Z, TANG X, et al. Comparison and study of the preparation methods for phosphor layer in nuclear battery[J]. International Journal of Energy Research, 2021, 45(8): 11712-11720.
[5]	JIANG T, XU Z, MENG C, et al. In-depth analysis of the internal energy conversion of nuclear batteries and radiation degradation of key materials[J]. Energy Technology, 2020, 8(12): 2000667.
[6]	XU Z, LIU Y, ZHANG Z, et al. Enhanced radioluminescent nuclear battery by optimizing structural design of the phosphor layer[J]. International Journal of Energy Research, 2018, 42(4): 1729-1737.
[7]	XU Z, TANG X, LIU Y, et al. ZnS: Cu phosphor layers as energy conversion materials for nuclear batteries: a combined theoretical and experimental study of their geometric structure[J]. Energy Technology, 2017, 5(9): 1638-1646.
[8]	XU Z H, TANG X B, HONG L, et al. Structural effects of ZnS: Cu phosphor layers on beta radioluminescence nuclear battery[J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2015, 303: 2313-2320.
[9]	HONG L, TANG X B, XU Z H, et al. Radioluminescent nuclear batteries with different phosphor layers[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2014, 338: 112-118.
[10]	HONG L, TANG X B, XU Z H, et al. Parameter optimization and experiment verification for a beta radioluminescence nuclear battery[J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2014, 302: 701-707.
[11]	Konishi M, Isobe T, Senna M. Enhancement of photoluminescence of ZnS: Mn nanocrystals by hybridizing with polymerized acrylic acid[J]. Journal of Luminescence, 2001, 93(1): 1-8.
[12]	Farahmandzadeh F, Molaei M, Alehdaghi H, et al. The significant increasing photoluminescence quantum yield of the CdTe/CdS/ZnS core/multi-shell quantum dots (QDs) by 60Co gamma irradiation[J]. Applied Physics A, 2022, 128(3): 239.