Abstract: With the extensive application of nuclear energy and nuclear technology in all walks of life, the capacity building for nuclear and radiation emergency response has increasingly become an important issue in the field of public security.The newly established Guangxi Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Engineering Rescue & Disposal Team founded in 2024 is taken as the research subject. In accordance with the team’s functional positioning and actual construction status, the challenges encountered in its development, including risk-related constraints, professional requirements and inter-departmental collaboration, are systematically sorted out.As the team is established relying on professional strengths in nuclear geological exploration and radioactive monitoring, its development pathways are explored in this paper.It is concluded that the "foundation-consolidating" initiatives centered on fostering nuclear safety culture, building practical emergency response capabilities, and implementing regular risk prevention and control should be promoted. A three-in-one team governance system integrating culture-capability-mechanism can thus be gradually established, and the rescue team can be driven to transform from passive emergency response to proactive risk prevention and control. Practical references for the construction of similar professional rescue teams can be provided by the proposed pathway.With the extensive application of nuclear energy and nuclear technology in all walks of life, the capacity building for nuclear and radiation emergency response has increasingly become an important issue in the field of public security. The newly established Guangxi Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Engineering Rescue & Disposal Team founded in 2024 is taken as the research subject. In accordance with the team′s functional positioning and actual construction status, the challenges encountered in its development, including risk-related constraints, professional requirements and inter-departmental collaboration, are systematically sorted out. As the team is established relying on professional strengths in nuclear geological exploration and radioactive monitoring, its development pathways are explored in this paper. It is concluded that the "foundation-consolidating" initiatives centered on fostering nuclear safety culture, building practical emergency response capabilities, and implementing regular risk prevention and control should be promoted. A three-in-one team governance system integrating culture-capability-mechanism can thus be gradually established, and the rescue team can be driven to transform from passive emergency response to proactive risk prevention and control. Practical references for the construction of similar professional rescue teams can be provided by the proposed pathway.

Key words: nuclear and radiation emergency, rescue team building, nuclear safety culture, emergency capability, risk prevention and control