辐射防护通讯 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1-13.

• 专家论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

五个为什么之管见——放射防护基本标准有关术语概念辨识

郑钧正   

  1. 清华大学;原任职于中国医学科学院放射医学研究所,中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-18 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 作者简介:郑钧正(1942—),男,1965年毕业于福州大学物理系,研究员。原任职于中国医学科学院/中国协和医科大学(现北京协和医学院-清华大学医学部)放射医学研究所(1965—1993年),中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所(1993—2002年);自2001年6月起受聘客座于清华大学(2023年以清华大学教授身份作为主要成员的项目组获得国家自然科学基金批准号为12327809的重大项目在研至2028年。E-mail:zhengjunzheng@sina.com

My opinions on the five whys——Conceptual identification of terminology related to the Basic Standard for Radiological Protection

ZHENG Junzheng   

  1. Tsinghua University; Previously employed in:Institute of Radiological Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese CDC
  • Received:2025-06-18 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2026-01-15

摘要: 放射防护标准是发展核科学技术和放射防护学及其事业的纲,尤其放射防护基本标准的举足轻重作用不言而喻。当我国放射防护基本标准迄今的四代沿革及尽快更新引起了社会各界高度重视时,必然需要同时解决相关专业术语概念的标准化规范问题。故此文特梳理较主要的五个为什么之管见作认真剖析辨识。①为什么“电离辐射防护”的简称应当是“放射防护”而不宜用含混的“辐射防护”?②为什么必须科学严谨地解析放射防护拟聚焦针对的“源项”以选准关键词才能有的放矢避免歧义?③为什么作为制定放射防护标准主要依据的国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)放射防护体系中有关术语翻译最重要在于力求准确表达?④为什么必须从核科学技术和放射防护学业界内认真地解决有关专业术语概念的“拨乱反正”?⑤为什么全社会必须崇尚恪守科学精神与严谨作风,绝对不应迁就滥用专业术语概念的不良风气?祈盼藉此抛砖引玉力促集思广益凝聚共识,不懈推动核科学技术及其广泛应用和放射防护学及其事业更加欣欣向荣地发展。

关键词: 放射防护, 基本标准, 专业术语, 基本概念, 辨识

Abstract: Radiological protection standards are the guidelines for the development of radiological protection science and its implementation. The crucial role of basic standards for radiological protection is self-evident. When the four generations of evolution and updates of China′s basic standards for radiological protection have attracted high attention from all sectors of society, it is necessary to simultaneously address the standardization of relevant professional terminology concepts. Therefore, this article carefully analyzes and identifies the main five Whys perspectives. ①Why should the abbreviation for "protection against ionizing radiation" be "radiological protection" instead of "radiation protection"? ②Why it is necessary to scientifically and rigorously analyze the "source term" that radiological protection focuses on in order to select the right keywords and avoid ambiguity? ③Why is the translation of relevant terms in the ICRP radiological protection system, which serves as the main basis for formulating radiological protection standards, primarily focused on the pursuit of accurate expression? ④Why it is necessary to "bring order out of chaos" for professional terminology concepts within the fields of nuclear science and technology as well as radiological protection? ⑤Why must the whole society uphold and adhere to the spirit of science and rigorous work style, and should never tolerate the unhealthy trend of abusing professional terminology and concepts? It is hoped that this article will serve as a catalyst to build common understanding and promote better and more dynamic development of nuclear science and technology, their wide-ranging applications and the closely related science of radiological protection.

Key words: radiological protection, basic standards, terminology, basic concept, identify

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  • TL7