环境水样中铀的富集分离方法比较

辐射防护通讯 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 27-31.

环境水样中铀的富集分离方法比较

梁国帅, 陈柏迪, 何高鹏

广东省环境辐射监测与核应急响应技术支持中心,广州 510300

收稿日期:2025-01-16 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2026-01-15
作者简介:梁国帅(1992—),男,2015年毕业于广州大学化学工程与工艺专业,工程师。E-mail:794521348@qq.com

Comparison of enrichment and separation methods for uranium in environment water samples

LIANG Guoshuai, CHEN Baidi, HE Gaopeng

Environmental Radiation Monitoring and Nuclear Emergency Response Technical Support Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510300

Received:2025-01-16 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2026-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究稳定、快捷且适合于环境水样中铀的富集分离方法,分别使用N-235萃取法、TBP萃取色层法、离子交换法,对环境水样的淡水、海水样品进行富集分离,并对实验流程、效果进行比较。结果表明:环境海水、淡水样品使用N-235萃取法回收率分别为73.3%±5.6%和69.5%±8.2%,TBP萃取色层法的回收率分别为88.6%±4.1%和58.9%±5.0%,离子交换法的回收率分别为74.9%±10.1%和57.7%±7.6%。综合考量3种方法的回收率、实验时长、废物回收等因素,采用TBP萃取色层法对环境水样中铀进行富集分离效果较好。

关键词: 铀, 富集分离, N-235萃取法, TBP萃取色层法, 离子交换法, 方法回收率

Abstract: To explore a stable, fast, and suitable method for uranium enrichment and separation from environment water samples, this study used N-235 extraction, TBP extraction chromatography, and ion exchange methods to enrich and separate uranium from freshwater and seawater samples. The experimental procedures and effects were compared. The results showed that: the recovery rates of uranium from environment seawater and freshwater samples using the N-235 extraction method were 73.3%±5.6% and 69.5%±8.2%; while the recovery rates using TBP extraction chromatography method were 88.6%±4.1% and 58.9%±5.0%; the recovery rates of uranium using ion exchange method were 74.9%±10.1% and 57.7%±7.6%. With consideration of the recovery rates, experiment time and waste recovery, etc, it was indicated that the TBP extraction chromatography method was better for enriching and separating uranium from environment water samples.

Key words: uranium, enrichment and separation, N-235 extraction, TBP extraction chromatography, ion exchange methods, method recovery rate

中图分类号:

X837

梁国帅, 陈柏迪, 何高鹏. 环境水样中铀的富集分离方法比较[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2025, 45(4): 27-31.

LIANG Guoshuai, CHEN Baidi, HE Gaopeng. Comparison of enrichment and separation methods for uranium in environment water samples[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN, 2025, 45(4): 27-31.

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