大面积低水平放射性污染土壤的植物修复研究现状

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对于大面积低水平放射性污染的土壤,植物修复是一种新型的治理技术。本文简单介绍了植物修复技术的概念,介绍了大面积¹³⁷Cs、⁹⁰Sr、天然U和Pu污染土壤的植物修复技术的研究现状及应用情况,提出了进一步的研究建议。

Abstract: Radioactive contamination is a difficult environmental problem. As a new technology, phytoremediation of large area soil contaminated with low level radioactivity is attracting more and more attention. The concept and the basic principle of phytoremediation are introduced. Theresearch progress with respect to contamination of ⁹⁰Sr, ¹³⁷Cs, U and Pu, obstacles of application and countermeasures, are highlighted. Some suggestions on further studies are put forward.

Key words: Phytoremediation, Radioactive contamination, Soil

中图分类号:

X591, S157.433

曹少飞, 李建国, 韩宝华, 马炳辉, 王慧娟, 王艾俊. 大面积低水平放射性污染土壤的植物修复研究现状[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2016, 36(1): 18-22.

Cao Shaofei, Li Jianguo, Han Baohua, Ma Binghui, Wang Huijuan, Wang Aijun. Overview of Phytoremediation of Large Area Soil with Low Level Radioactive Contamination[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN, 2016, 36(1): 18-22.

参考文献

[1] 张琼, 陈金融, 张春明, 等. 土壤放射性核素铯污染修复研究进展[J].核农学报, 2014,28(10):1924.
[2] Slavik Dushenkov. Trends in Phytoremediation of Radionuclides.[J] Plant and Soil, 2003,249:167.
[3] 黄德娟, 朱业安, 余月, 等. 铀污染环境治理中的植物修复研究[J]. 铀矿冶, 2012,31(4):202.
[4] MSE Technology Application,Inc. Final Progress Report No.2.Future Evaluations of Radionuclide Phytoexetraction Feasibility Using Ssoils from the USDOE[R]. BRS-5, 1999.
[5] Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. Proceedings from the Workshop on Phytoremediation of Inorganic Contaminants[R].INEEL/EXT-2000-00207, 2000.
[6] Dushenkov S, Mikheev A, Prokhnevskya, et al. Phytoremediation of Radiocesium Contaminated Soil in the Vicinity of Chernobyl Ukraine[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1999,33(3):469.
[7] Kochian L. Identification and Validation of Heavy Metaland Radionuclide Hyperaccumulating Terrestrial Plant Species[R]. DOE/PC/95701-T8, 1996.
[8] Fuhrman M, Lasat M M, Ebbs S D, et al. Uptake of Cesium-137 and Strontium-90 from Contaminated Soil by Three Plant Species; Application to Phytoremediation[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2002,31(3):904.
[9] Vandenhove H, Hees M V. Phytoextraction for Clean-Up of Low-Level Uranium Contaminated Soil Evaluated[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2004,72:41.
[10] 万芹方, 任亚敏, 王亮, 等. 铀污染土壤的植物修复研究[J]. 化学学报,2011,69(15):1780.
[11] Baker A J M, Brooks R R, Pease A J, et al. Studies on Copper and Cobalt Tolerance in Three Closey Related Taxa within the Genus Science L. from Zaire[J]. Plant and Soil, 1983,73:377.
[12] 万芹方, 邓大超, 柏云, 等. 植物和动电修复铀污染土壤的研究现状[J].核化学与放射化学, 2012,34(3):148.
[13] 唐世荣. 土-水介质中低放核素污染物的生物修复[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002,13(2):243.
[14] Lasat M M, Norvell W A, Kochian L V. Potential for Phytoextractionof ¹³⁷Cs from a Contaminated Soil[J]. Plant and Soil, 1997,195:99.
[15] 田军华, 曾敏, 杨勇, 等. 放射性核素污染土壤的植物修复[J]. 四川环境, 2007,26(5):93.
[16] Huang J W, Blaylock M J, Kapulnik Y, et al. Phytoremediation of Uranium-contaminated Soils: Role of Organic Acids in Triggering Uranium Hyperaccumulation in Plants[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1998,32(13):2004.
[17] 赵文虎, 徐世明, 侯兰欣, 等. 农作物食用部分中⁹⁰Sr、¹³⁷Cs含量的早起预报——对⁹⁰Sr、¹³⁷Cs具有高浓集力植物的筛选[J]. 中国核科技报告, 1996,(3):1.
[18] 徐辉, 金玉仁, 李伟平, 等. 放射性污染区内沙漠植物中⁹⁰Sr的含量及分布[J]. 核化学与放射化学, 2011,33(1):18.
[19] 杨俊诚, 朱永懿, 陈景坚, 等. 植物对¹³⁷Cs污染土壤的修复[J]. 核农学报, 2005,19(4):286.
[20] Bulman R A. The Movement of Plutonium, Americium and Curium through the Food Chain[J]. Natrurwissen-schaften, 1978,65(3):137.
[21] Grab D A. Radionuclide Biological Remediation Resource Guide[R].EPA905-B-04-001, 2004.
[22] 徐辉, 金玉仁, 田梅, 等. 钚在放射性污染区沙漠植物中的含量[J]. 原子能科学技术, 2012,46(5):524.
[23] 韩宝华, 李建国. ⁹⁰Sr、¹³⁷Cs在我国野生植物中转移系数的研究现状[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2007,27(5):20.
[24] Mitch M L,Wendell A N, Leon V K. Potential for Phytoextraction of¹³⁷Cs from a Contaminated Soil[J]. Plant and Soil, 1997,195:99.
[25] Hossner L R, Loeppert R H, Newton T J, et al. Literature review: Phytoaccumulation of Chromium, Uranium, and Plutonium in Plant Systems[R]. Amarillo National Resource Center for Plutonium, 1998.
[26] 查忠勇, 王定娜, 冯孝杰, 等. 生物修复放射性污染土壤的研究进展[J]. 化学研究与应用, 2014,26(2):153.
[27] Westhoff A. Mycorrhizal Plants for Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated with Radionuclides[J]. Restoration and Reclamation Review, 1999,5(4):1.
[28] Rufyikiri G, Thiry Y, Delvaux B, et al. Contribution of Hyphae andRoots to Uranium Uptake, Accumulation and Translocation by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Carrot Roots Under Root-organ Culture Conditions[J]. New Phytologist, 2003,158:391.
[29] Entry J A, Watrud L S, Reeves M. Accumulation of ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr from Contaminated Soil by Three Grass Species Inoculated withMycorrhizal fungi[J]. Environmental Pollution, 1999,104(3):449.
[30] Djedidi S, Terasaki A, Aung H P, et al. Evaluation of the Possibility to Use the Plant-microbe Interaction to Stimulate Radioactive ¹³⁷Cs Accumulation by Plants in a Contaminated Farm Field in Fukushima, Japan[J].Journal of Plant Research, 2015,128(1):147.
[31] Tagawa A, Watanabe M. Demonstration Test Results of Organic Materials' Volumetric Reduction Using Bio-ethanol, Thermal Decomposition and Burning[R]. Brussels, JAEA, 2013.
[32] IAEA. Final Report of the International Mission on "Remediation ofLarge Contaminated Areas Off-site the Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP"[R]. IAEA, 2011.
[33] 刘维涛, 倪均成, 周启星, 等. 重金属富集植物生物质的处置技术研究进展[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2014,33(1):15.