Table of Content

20 March 2016 Volume 36 Issue 2

  

Establishment of the detailed breast model of Chinese adult female and its application in external radiation protection

Ren Li, Qiu Rui, Li Junli

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  65-71. 

Abstract ( 43 )   PDF (1660KB) ( 25 )  

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Breast is one of the most sensitive organs to radiation. In 2007, ICRP increased the tissue weighting factor for the breast from 0.05 to 0.12,which makes the accurate evaluation of breast dose more important. But in the human voxel phantom, the structure of breast is not elaborate enough because of the limitation of image resolution used for phantom modeling. This will probably affect the accuracy of breast dose calculated in simulation. A lot of research works on detailed breast modeling has been carried out in recent years internationally, but there is no research in this area in China. The model of detailed breast is established in this paper using mathematical modeling method. The model includes lactiferous sinuses, lactiferous ducts, lobules and adipose tissue. Model is voxelized and then merges with Chinese reference adult female voxel model. This model is used to calculate dose conversion coefficients of breast gland for external photon exposures in AP geometry and results are compared with that calculated using old model. The results show that the difference between the results of two models is up to 30% at low photon energy. There is no much difference at high photon energies.

Discussion on mixed solidification of radioactive waste from NPPs

Guo Xiliang, Yang Weibing, Jia Meilan, Xiong Kouhong, Luan Haiyan, Gao Chao, Feng Wendong, Li Houwen

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  72-75. 

Abstract ( 18 )   PDF (691KB) ( 16 )  

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Reduction and minimization is one of the principles of optimization management of radioactive waste. In view of this point, mixed solidification of concentrates liquid and disused drying agents from heavy water vapor recovery system was studied. The results shown that mixed solidification is a reduction treatment method, the loading of mixed waste volume in solidified waste form can reach 119.1%.

Estimation of radiogenic colon cancer risk coefficients for Chinese population

Sun Zhijuan, Wang Jixian, Sun Quanfu, Xiang Jian, Zhao Yongcheng, Zhang Xin, Tuo Ya, Fan Saijun

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  76-81. 

Abstract ( 42 )   PDF (1527KB) ( 18 )  

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To estimate sex-age specific excess relative risk coefficients of colon cancer due to ionizing radiation for Chinese population, the following models and data were used, such as the risk models developed by BEIR Ⅶ committee (Biological Effect of Ionizing Radiation), population risk transfer model composed with both multiplicative and additive model and 2009 Chinese colon cancer baseline incidence. To obtain sex-age specific colon cancer baseline incidence, a curve fitting based on age group specific data was used. Excess relative risk coefficients of colon cancer for Chinese population are overall higher than that of Life Span Study in Japan and their sex-age tendency are similar. Excess relative risk coefficients here could provide key basis data for lifetime risk prediction and radiogenic causation judgment for colon cancer of Chinese population.

Discussion on the problem of airborne radioactive effluents monitoring under table 1 of the Regulation for Environmental Radiation Protection of Nuclear Power Plant (GB 6249—2011)

Shen Fu, Wei Yongkang, Wang Zhuoshi, Ma Yinghao, Meng Dan, Zhang Zhilong, Fu Cuiming, Li Jintao, Ma Tao

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  82-85. 

Abstract ( 51 )   PDF (698KB) ( 24 )  

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It is easily resulted in performance confusion problem with discharge limit value and public annual dose doesn't match under the Regulation for Environmental Radiation Protection of Nuclear Power Plant (GB 6249—2011) for Nuclear Power Facility (Plant) monitoring. Because of its contents in table 1 only gives discharge limit value indiscriminating specific nuclide in particle and iodine type. To solve this problem, the author suggests to discriminate specific nuclide and with monitoring focus on key nuclides as major dose contributor. According to the IAEA No.19 safety report, the author works out the important nuclides in particle and iodine type in NPP airborne radioactive effluents.

Application research of ensemble dispersion modeling technology in the process of emergency decision-making

Fan Dan, Yao Rentai, Xu Xiangjun, Yan Jiangyu, Cui Huiling, Huang Sha, Li Jixiang, Zhang Fang

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  86-93. 

Abstract ( 25 )   PDF (4184KB) ( 22 )  

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The paper presents a mesoscale and microscale ensemble dispersion simulation based on a field tracer experiment which applied the concept of ensemble dispersion modeling and combined with different meteorological flows and atmospheric dispersion models. Ensemble analysis is carried out between simulation results of multi-model and the field experimental results. The ensemble analysis indicators are studied from three aspects, including spatial analysis, time analysis and discrete test. The results show that: the ensemble dispersion simulation and analysis considers the calculation results of different modes, and gives the potential coverage area range and probability of contaminant, the contaminant concentration distribution with different confidence levels, contaminant concentration change at interest points (regional), the probability of plume arrival and departure time etc. Meanwhile, through further determine and revise combining with the monitoring results, simulation results can get close to the real value. Thus, the application of ensemble dispersion modeling technology to emergency decision-making field is of great practical guidance.

Discussion on key issues to research the phytoextraction technology of containmination of radionuclides in soil

Wang Dan, Chen Xiaoming, Tang Yunlai

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  94-103. 

Abstract ( 38 )   PDF (1015KB) ( 11 )  

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The paper investigated the key issues to research the phytoextraction technology of containmination of radionuclides in soil on the basis of the practical work for many years. It proposed when evloving the criterion of supper-accumulation plant, capability of uptake nuclide or heavy metal from the soil, growth speed of plant and its biomass should be took into account, particularly the plant biomass on the unit areas and the coefficient of accumulation amount should been lay stress on. The paper proposed the index of ratios of absolute and relative phytoextraction and offered a proposal system of screening supper-accumulation plant. It presented solution culture (soilless cultivation) should be used for preliminary selection, sewage irrigation pot method and the plot simulation experiment for shortlist selection of supper-accumulation plant species, and then field-tested in the polluted areas to demonstration and validate. It proposed the concentration and concentration gradient of nuclide and heavy metal should be set up properly in the simulation soil of the pollution. It is viable to use stable isotope to replace the radioactive isotope in the experiment to research the effect of plant growth,screening of supper-accumulation plant species and application of supper-accumulation plant species in the phytoremediation. And it summarized the strengthen techniques and complemental agricultural cultivation techniques in favour of phytoremediation.

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometric survey for investigating the environmental radiation background around Sanmen NPP

Ni Weichong, He Bisheng, Gao Guolin, Ma Xiujuan, Yang Jingzheng, Li Suqi, Liu Hongshi, Hu Dan, Zhao Shunping, Wang Jingdan

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  104-111. 

Abstract ( 48 )   PDF (2740KB) ( 13 )  

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During September 8th to October 7th in 2012,an airborne gamma-ray spectrometric survey was implemented to investigate the environmental radiation background around the Sanmen NPP. This survey covered an area of 7 192 km² and collected 99 577 sets of data, with which the environmental radiation background measurements and activity concentrations of natural Potassium-40, Uranium-238 and Thorium-232 around Sanmen NPP were calculated. It is the conclusion that the dose rate of northwest area around Sanmen NPP is high, southwest and northeast is relative high, and the central area is low. No resoluble manmade radionuclide or any lost radioactive sources was identified. Two airborne radiation hot-point’s were identified, which are aroused by higher natural radiation in geological environment.

Study on the determination method of ²¹⁰Po in aerosol

Li Pengxiang, Li Zhou, Zhang Jing, Gao Zequan, Wang Ruijun, Han Yuhu, Ren Xiaona

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  112-116. 

Abstract ( 13 )   PDF (1129KB) ( 9 )  

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Through the isotopic tracer experiments, influences of acidity, time, temperature and reductant in the self-deposition were studied as well as the pretreatment condition of aerosol, with the optimal experimental conditions derived at last. This method has been applied to determine ²¹⁰Po in real aerosol samples with a full recovery of 94.0%—103% and an average value of (98.1±5.5)%. ²¹⁰Po aerosol concentration of Taiyuan city in winter is 1.21—1.53 mBq/m³, its average value is (1.31±0.08)mBq/m³.

Study on monitoring method of ¹⁴C in biological samples from Qinshan Nuclear Power Base

Dong Meilian, Gu Shaozhong

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  117-121. 

Abstract ( 40 )   PDF (1174KB) ( 22 )  

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This paper introduced an application of the oxygen-bomb method for ¹⁴C monitoring in biological samples from Qinshan Nuclear Power Base,analyzed advantages of this method. The monitoring results over the years for ¹⁴C in biological samples from the base were then analyzed. This study may provide reference in formulating the new national standard of ¹⁴C Monitoring Method for Biologic Samples.

Tracer gas testing methods for unfiltered air inleakage at main control room of a AP1000 NPP

Han Lihong, Zhang Yuan, Qiu Dangui, Liu Qun, Li Yongguo, Gao Linfeng, Shi Yingxia, Hou Jianrong

RADIATION PROTECTION. 2016, 36(2):  122-126. 

Abstract ( 17 )   PDF (1054KB) ( 7 )  

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Relevant American standards and technical levels of some companies engaging in inleakage tracer gas testing were investigated. Analysis on concentration decay method and constant injection method was then applied for their application in AP1000 NPPs with some modification measures recommended at last.