Table of Content

20 December 2015 Volume 35 Issue 6

  

The Establishment and Verification of a Voxel Phantom for Biological Dose Assessment

Wang Aijun, Li Jianguo, Han Baohua, Ma Binghui, Wang Huijuan, Cao Shaofei

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  1-6. 

Abstract ( 29 )   PDF (884KB) ( 94 )  

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Taking carp as an example,a voxel phantom is built to calculate dose conversion coefficients (DCC) of different organs for ¹³⁷Cs. The results were compared with data estimated with a simplified model of same size, the Environmental Risk from Ionizing Contaminants—Assessment and management (ERICA) and those for reference trout in ICRP publication 108. It shows that the total DCC by the voxel phantom is similar to that by the simplified model, and is less than the recommended values of ICRP and ERICA.

The Developing Process and Study Trends of Level 3 PSA in USA

Wang Jianhua, Chen Peng, Yang Jie, Su Yongjie

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  7-12. 

Abstract ( 34 )   PDF (249KB) ( 46 )  

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Public risk is an important index of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) safety. WASH-740, which was issued in 1957, started introducing the concept of reactor risk analysis. In 1972, WASH-1400 accomplishedsystematically a Level 3 PSA for the first time, and gave rise to the development of CRAC series codes. Furthermore, NUREG-1550 was published in 1990, which indicated PSA application matured. NRC established the current framework for risk-informed regulation by issuing a PRA Policy Statement in 1995. In 2007, The SOARCA project was initiated to develop best estimates of the offsite radiologicalhealth consequences for potential severe reactor accidents for Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station and Surry Power Station. In 2011, NRC proposed to perform a new full-scope comprehensive Level 3 PSA which addressed additional considerations such as multi-unit site effects and other on-site radiological sources.

Comparison of Requirements and Release Accident Consequence Assessment Models for UF₆ Transport Package

Sun Shutang, Li Guoqiang, Zhang Jiangang

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  13-16. 

Abstract ( 32 )   PDF (317KB) ( 21 )  

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On the basis of IAEA, ISO, U.S. and China's requirements for UF₆ transport package, insufficiency of related standards in China is analyzed. From the perspective of design, comparisons of U.S. cylinder 30B, 48X and China cylinder 740 L, 3 m³ are conducted. An introduction to several models for UF₆ release accident consequence assessment is given, which include those used in early year, and more advanced HGSYSTEM/UF₆, RASCAL4.On account of experimental data, a comparison of the latter two models is carried through. It turns out that, for HGSYSTEM/UF₆, the predictions are accurate within 200 m, and smaller than measured values within 500 m. For RASCAL4, errorsare obvious within 20 m, and the predictions are smaller than measured values exceed 100 m.

²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po Activity Concentrations and Sources in Atmospheric Aerosol

Zhang Jing, Li Pengxiang, Li Zhou, Wei Xiaofeng

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  17-22. 

Abstract ( 22 )   PDF (635KB) ( 67 )  

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²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po, key nuclides in atmospheric aerosol, are mainly from decay of ²²²Rn inthe atmosphere. Their contributions to human dose cannot be overlooked definitely. A brief account about their activity concentration ranges in atmospheric aerosol is provided. As recommended in UNSCEAR reports, mean activity concentrationsof them in near surface atmosphere are 500 and 50 Bq/m³ respectively. The natural sources, as well as additional sources, of both nuclides are also analyzedand discussed.

The Research Situation of Therapeutic Drugs for Radiation Enteritis

Zhang Zhongxin, Dong Juancong, Zuo Yahui

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  23-28. 

Abstract ( 44 )   PDF (249KB) ( 48 )  

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Radiation enteritis is a common syndrome of abdominal, pelvic cancer patients with radiation therapy received, and itseverely impacts on patients'life quality. An effective means to prevent or cureit is however still lack. Recent studies on biologicals, chemical synthetic medicine and traditional Chinese medicine for radiation enteritis are reviewed, soas to give some references for further researches.

Optimized Analysis of Radioactive Spent Resin Management at AP1000 NPPs

Ma Xiaoqiang, Wang Qiyun, Gong Xueyu

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  29-32. 

Abstract ( 30 )   PDF (405KB) ( 35 )  

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As radioactive waste water produced atAP1000 NPPs is usually treated with resin, a higher proportion of spent resin in wet radioactive waste stream is resulted, as compared with other NPPs. The process of immobilization in high integrity containers is specifically introduced,so as to achieve the ultimate disposal of this kind of waste. A brief analysis of some optimizable nodes for such a process is presented.

Decontamination of Operating Chambers in a ¹³⁷Cs Source Production Line

Zhu Xu

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  33-36. 

Abstract ( 24 )   PDF (238KB) ( 18 )  

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A decontamination action of operatingchambers in a ¹³⁷Cs source production line, aimed at maintenance and modification, is briefly introduced. As a result, radiation levels at working positions in front of hot cells decreased from 30-50 μSv/h to 6-8 μSv/h, whilethose for work chambers decreased from 70-250 μSv/h to less than 10 μSv/h. The gross decontamination efficiency is estimated to be up to 97.4%.

Soil HTO Concentration Estimation

Yang Jie, Chen Hailong, Li Yang, Zhao Yangjun, Lian Bing, Wang Meng

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  37-39. 

Abstract ( 30 )   PDF (170KB) ( 23 )  

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Factors influencing HTO concentrationin soil was analyzed, and a method to estimate the concentration ratio between soil and air was resulted, using the doses from chronic atmospheric releases of tritium (DCART) model developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL).It indicates that the ratio will be influenced by absolute humidity, soil watercontent and soil water recharge.

A Preliminary Study on Road Transportation Accident Rate for Radioactive Materials

Li Guoqiang, Cao Fangfang, Zhang Jiangang, Wang Xuexin, Zhang Hongjian

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2015, 35(6):  40-43. 

Abstract ( 21 )   PDF (182KB) ( 28 )  

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Radioactive material transportation isan activity of nuclear energy and nuclear technology application. The probability of occurrence and radiological impact on the staff, the public and the environment arising from radioactive material transportation accidents are a real fact. Both driving accident rate for transportation and package accident rate for shipping are analyzed. The results show that the radioactive material transportation accident rate in China is generally comparable to those in the United States,Britain, Germany and other countries. On the other side, the accident rate forradioactive material transportation is compared with those for national road andhighway.