RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN

Collective Dose Control Strategy for Pressurised Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants

Zhu Yuanli, Zhang Zhiqiang, Ma Laishan

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2022, 42(2): 1-8.

Abstract ( 139 )

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Collective dose is one of the important indicators of nuclear power operation performance, and it needs to be promoted to a favourable downward trend through management measures and technical means. Reducing collective dose is an important embodiment of following the principle of radiation protection optimization. The factors that affect the collective dose are not only of wholeprocess, including the design of nuclear power plants, equipment manufacturing and installations, unit debugging and operation stage control, etc.; but also omni-directional, with the control of radiation sources, the annual overhaul workload, and the efficiency of maintenance work involved. Through the combing and analysis of the factors influencing collective dose, we summarises that reducing the collective dose of nuclear power plants can be achieved mainly via source item control (for example, by implementing the replacement of easy-activated materials of primary-circuit equipments, water chemical control to reduce the corrosion of primary-circuit equipments, upgrading primary-circuit water filter elements to improve the purification efficiency, and other measures.) and the control of radiation working hours (such as optimising and extending the maintenance cycle of equipments through the optimisation and adjustment of the maintenance outline; improving the reliability of equipments and reducing their failure rate to reduce the maintenance workload; improving staff skills, improving work efficiency through the application of mechanisation and intelligent technology, etc.). Anyway, sufficient attention should be paid to organizational management and the support of management policies, for both the control of source terms and radiation work hours.

Investigation of NORM Status of Typical Oil and Gas Fields

Zhu Jidong, Wang Shaolin

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2022, 42(2): 9-13.

Abstract ( 137 )

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This paper mainly investigated two typical oil and gas fields of Gobi type and desert type, and the investigation content was the comparative analysis of NORM nuclide content in oil and gas field crude oil, oil slime, waste water and waste residue at the end of treatment process. The investigation results showed that the radioactive level in oil slime samples and soil to be recycled after treatment in some oil fields was relatively high. The results of this investigation can provide a reference for evaluating the environmental impact of NORM emissions in the oil and gas industry.

Development of AP/CAP Series Nuclear Power Unit Radioactive Water Treatment Water Filter Element

Li Yuan, Wang Jia, Liu Xiacheng, Wang Feng, Kong Haixia, Li Xin

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2022, 42(2): 14-20.

Abstract ( 175 )

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The water filter element is mainly used to remove the corrosion products and suspended solid particles in the water in the form of colloid. It is the core key spare part to ensure the water quality, reduce the radioactivity level of the medium and the environment, and improve the working environment. According to the requirements of the technical specifications and the industry standard NB/T 20486, the third-generation AP/CAP series of radioactive water treatment water filter elements for nuclear power plants are domestically developed. This article gives a detailed introduction to the structure, production process and comprehensive performance of the filter element. The test results of the developed filter element with a filtration accuracy of 5 μm and 20 μm show that the clean pressure difference of the filter element is less than 0.021 MPa, and the filtration efficiency is above 99%. The rupture pressure difference is greater than 0.52 MPa, and it can bear an axial load of at least 45 kg, has good radiation resistance, and all performance indicators meet industry standards.

Design of a Detector-separated Neutron Probe

Liang Jing, Feng Xiaobo, An Yanlong, Liu Jianzhong

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2022, 42(2): 21-23.

Abstract ( 74 )

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We have designed a neutron measurement system with the preamplifier separated from the detector. The electronic circuit with poor irradiation resistance from the detector assembly is isolated, and connected remotely through a coaxial cable. The test results show that, the maximum relative inherent error of the probe is only 8.6%, and the difference between the relative response of the Am-Be source and the ²⁵²Cf source is 9%. Its performance meets the design requirements.

Suggestions on Improving China’s Ability to Deal with Overseas Nuclear Risk from Vladivostok Nuclear Facility Accident

Zhu He, Yue Feng, Wang Min, Qiao Qingdang, Liu Bin, Guo Haifeng, Feng Jianping

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2022, 42(2): 24-28.

Abstract ( 315 )

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From China’s border is only 50 kilometers in Vladivostok, as Russia’s Pacific fleet base, a large number of nuclear submarines are maintained, refueled and decommissioned here. In order to continuously improve our ability to cope with overseas nuclear risk, we suggest to optimize our own monitoring system, promote key regional emergency monitoring ability, seek international cooperation, and to strengthen the research of potential verseas nuclear risk.

Database Management System of Radioactive Solid Waste in Development and Utilization of Mineral Resources

Zhang Qi, Cao Xiaozhou, Xue Xiangxin

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2022, 42(2): 29-36.

Abstract ( 89 )

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Some mineral resources, such as uranium, zirconium, monazite, tungsten and beryllium, will be associated with radionuclides. In the process of mining, selecting, smelting and processing of mineral resources, with different disposal processes, radionuclides will be separated and enriched in different raw materials, intermediate products, products and wastes to produce radioactive waste. In order to ensure the ecological safety of radioactive environment from the aspects of basic theory, technology and management, we summarized the requirements of radioactive waste management in mineral development enterprises through investigation and field detection, and developed a set of radioactive solid waste database management system suitable for enterprises. Track the whole process of waste source, radioactive solid waste disposal and recycling, so as to make radioactive waste safe and controllable; At the same time, the logical relationship among waste generation process, disposal process and recovery process is analyzed, and the basic information, disposal and recovery database and operating system of waste are developed; and realize the management and use of multiple factories at the same time, as well as the query and management functions of relevant personnel on the data of each factory. This study is helpful to improve the level of radioactive waste management in enterprises, and is of great significance to improve ecological security and radioactive solid waste management.

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