Table of Content

20 April 2019 Volume 39 Issue 2

  

Issues

Analysis of Chromosome Aberrations in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Radiation Workers

Wu Ping, Chen Yanling, Qin Jie, Fan Lei, Huang Wei

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  1-5. 

Abstract ( 302 )   PDF (468KB) ( 132 )  

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In order to understand the aberrations of peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiation workers of different occupational exposure types, ages and lengths of service, 1612 radiation workers (radiation group) and 248 non-radiation workers (control group) in Sichuan Province were selected. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured by micro-blood culture method. MetaSystems chromosome analysis system was used to record cell chromosome aberrations. And statistical analysis of chromosome aberration rates was then performed. It indicates that the total chromosome aberration rate of radiation workers was significantly higher than that of the control group. Among the radiation workers, subgroups of nuclear fuel cycle and the industrial application have significantly highernuclear aberration rates than that of the medical application subgroup. The chromosome aberration rate of workers over 40 years old was higher than that of those under 40 years old. As for the length of service, a similar trend was observed, with a boundary of 20 years.This suggest that the chromosomal aberrations of peripheral blood lymphocytes of radiation workers are significantly increased compared with healthy public members. It is necessary to further improve the occupational protection awareness of nuclear fuel cycle and industrial application personnel, and strengthen individual radiation protection.

Risk Analysis of Thyroid Nodules in Radiation Workers of Different Types in OneEnterprise

Gao Jin, Tang Bo, Xi Yue, Yuan Weiye, Shen Yueping, Tu Yu

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  6-9. 

Abstract ( 158 )   PDF (577KB) ( 99 )  

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Using the occupational health examination data and questionnaires, the risk of thyroid nodules in radiation workers, who has been exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation in different types of work in one enterprise, was analyzed with single factor and multi-factor logistic regression models. The resultshowed that, among the workers, the risk of thyroid nodules in the mixed-ray group was the highest. And the risk increased with age and age of exposure, and was associated with gender differences.

Articles

A Brief Introduction to the Intelligent Distribution System in Controlled Area of Ningde NPP

Zhong Ming, Tan linglong, Liu Yongjie, Geng Lixin, Wen Zuoteng

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  10-14. 

Abstract ( 120 )   PDF (5443KB) ( 221 )  

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A manual process, with certificates in exchange for electronic dosimeters and keys, is conventionally employed for NPP access control. As it requires around the clock service, the dispensingis labor intensive and inefficient. An intelligent distribution system went live in controlled area of Ningde NPP in 2018. The composition and function of the system is introduced. Combined with the experience of on-site debugging, existing problems are presented, and suggestions forfollowingimprovement are put forward.

Experiences

The Effect of Nutritional Intervention in the Treatment of Acute Radiation Injury

Hu Yunxuan, Wang Min, Liu Yulong

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  15-18. 

Abstract ( 142 )   PDF (828KB) ( 179 )  

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As an important link of the treatment of patients with acute radiation injury, nutritional intervention can effectively improve the nutritional status and prognosis of patients, and reduce the radiation damage response. The application of nutritional intervention is introduced in the aspect. The advantages of compound nutrient solution intervention with electrolyte and vitamin formula, and the latest research progress of nutritional interventions, are highlighted.

Factors Affecting the Exposure of DSA Operators

Zhang Tingde, Shao Hui, Si Hongwei

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  19-22. 

Abstract ( 143 )   PDF (888KB) ( 227 )  

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The exposure of DSA operators is related to suchfactors as the difficulty of surgery, the type of examination or treatment, the proficiency of the operation and the workload. Fluoroscopy time is poorly correlated to air kerma (AK), dose area product (DAP)and exposure dose. During DSA operations, narrowing radiation field, lowering impulse frequency, and manually setting tube voltage can effectively reduce the exposure to operators. While wearing personnel protective equipment can be beneficial, the lens (especial left eye) and hand protectionis not so good. So, the dose equivalents at theses sites should be routinely monitored, with targeted radiation safety training provided.

Reviews

Research Progress on Radiation-induced Bone Loss and its Protection

Qiu Xinyu, Yan Yujie, Xi Kedi, Zhang Kunlan, Hu Wentao, Zhang Jian

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  23-33. 

Abstract ( 205 )   PDF (1140KB) ( 458 )  

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Radiotherapy may cause radiation-induced bone damagein the irradiated area, including bone loss, osteoporosis and even pathological fracture. The main causefor bone loss of this type is that ionizing radiation can promotebone resorption of osteoclasts and inhibit genesis of osteoblasts. On account of specific mechanisms involved, and theresponses of bone tissue cells to different radiation doses, corresponding treatment and protective measures should be taken. Advances in research of radiation-induced bone loss and its protection at both animal and cell levels was reviewed accordingly.

Status of Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Radiation Sickness Caused by External Irradiation

Hu Yunxuan, Liu Yulong

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  34-42. 

Abstract ( 278 )   PDF (1823KB) ( 646 )  

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Acute radiation sickness caused by external irradiation refers to the systemic disease caused by high dose external radiation in one or several times in a short time (several days). According to its clinical characteristics and basic pathological changes, it can be divided into three types, namely, bone marrow type, intestinal type and brain type. Its course can be divided into four stages, i.e., initial stage, false recovery stage, extreme stage and recovery stage. The diagnostic criteria,clinical characteristics and treatment principles of acute radiation sickness caused by external irradiation are reviewed.

Progress in Discharge Criteria & Time for ¹³¹I treatment of Thyroid Cancer Patients

Yi Yupin, Hu Fengqiong

RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN. 2019, 39(2):  43-48. 

Abstract ( 320 )   PDF (1089KB) ( 134 )  

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¹³¹I treatment is a safe, effective and important adjuvant way for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, and it may cause radiation damage. In order to reduce the radiation hazard, patients need to be hospitalized after treatment with large doses of ¹³¹I. The length of time that patients need to be hospitalized is determined by the in vivo radioactivity, the surrounding equivalent dose rate, and so on. The progress of discharge criteria, in vivo activity estimation, radiation dose monitoring, hospitalization isolation time and it’s predictive factors after ¹³¹I treatment in patients with thyroid cancer, is summarized. It’s expected to provides reference for the implementation of standardized and reasonable discharge standards in clinical work, and further research.