Abstract: Aimed at the discipline construction and undertaking development need, the author tries to track and review major events for the historical evolution of protection against ionizing radiation in China. Issues emphatically elaborated include the need for creating a new era of nuclear science and technology, doing from much-needed talent fostering, establishing and perfecting of relevant state authorities and corresponding management system, setting up and developing of relevant professional research and teaching institutions, establishing and constantly improving regulation and standard systems, and establishing of professional associations and journals to promote the prosperity of academic exchanges. An overview of the main achievements in the field is then presented, so as to encourage future development. To throw out a minnow to catch a whale hereby, the author ventures to initiate discussion of relatedhistorical experiences, and looks forward to being able to contribute to sum-up and obtaining of valuable enlightenment, thus to promote the further development for the discipline and undertaking of protection against ionizing radiation in China.

Key words: Protection against ionizing radiation, Historical evolution, Discipline, Undertaking, Outline