Abstract: This paper reviews and analyzes the medical surveillance and clinical radiological practices of radiation workers in China. Based on the analysis, this paper suggests abandoning the radiological medicine model focused on medical surveillance. Taking ICRP Publication 118 framework as reference, the ending of the "chronic radiation sickness" definition from former Soviet Union, which is still used in China, is called for. This paper also proposes establishing a new radiological medicine model based on dose-effect relationships and defining and developing China's radiological medicine across health physics, medical treatment, and ionizing radiation-related medicine. Radiological medicine in the new era should extend beyond occupational medicine to embrace diversified development.

Key words: radiological medicine, medical surveillance, chronic radiation sickness, dose-effect relationship