Abstract: Effluent discharge optimization is an important basic work of radioactive waste management. The study on effluent discharge optimization can provide a decision-making basis for the safe and orderly development of nuclear energy, with the aim to obtain best economic, environmental and social benefits. Based on the three principles of radiation protection and the theoretical basis of multi-objective optimization decision-making, this study systematically analyzes the multiple influencing factors such as dose, economic and social effect of effluent discharge optimization, compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of traditional optimization methods and intelligent optimization algorithms, such as cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, multi-attribute utility analysis, and second-generation non-dominant sequencing genetic algorithm, and puts forward future research prospects and enlightenment, with aim to to provide scientific reference for improving the level of optimal management and decision-making of effluent discharges.

Key words: airborne effluent, multi-objective optimization, intelligent optimization algorithms