辐射防护通讯 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 10-15.

• 专题报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

压水堆核电站α辐射的测量及防护

杨俊武1, 郁恩健2, 王川3, 伦振明2, 武慧园1   

  1. 1.大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司, 广东 深圳, 518124;
    2.中广核(深圳)辐射监测技术有限公司, 广东 深圳, 518124;
    3.三门核电有限公司, 浙江 三门, 317112
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-16 出版日期:2019-06-20 发布日期:2020-07-21
  • 作者简介:杨俊武(1966—),男,1988年毕业于南京大学物理系原子核物理专业,本科; 研究员级高级工程师。

Alpha Radiation Measurement and Protection in PWR Nuclear Power Plants

Yang Junwu1, Yu Enjian2, Wang Chuan3, Lun Zhenming2, Wu Huiyuan1   

  1. 1. Daya Bay Nuclear Power Operation and Management Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518124;
    2. Radiation Measurement Technical Company of CGN, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518124;
    3. Sanmei Nuclear Power Ltd., Sanmeng, Zhejiang, 317112
  • Received:2019-03-16 Online:2019-06-20 Published:2020-07-21

摘要: 压水堆核电站发生燃料包壳破损时,可能会造成燃料从燃料组件释放到冷却剂中,其中以超铀元素为主的α放射性核素可能会引起系统、设备和工作现场的α污染,也增加了工作人员α内污染的风险。但由于这种情况发生的概率很低,所以一直以来核电厂对α辐射关注较少。本文介绍了法国电力公司(EDF)和(美国)电力研究院(EPRI)在压水堆核电站α测量和防护方面的要求和流程,针对国内核电站在α污染控制方面存在的问题,提出了改进建议。

关键词: 辐射防护, α测量, 核电站

Abstract: Fuel cladding defects or failure in PWR nuclear power plants (NPP) could result in release of irradiated fuel fragments from fuel assembly into coolant, among which alpha radionuclides dominated bytransuranium may cause systems, equipments, and worksites contaminated, and also increase the risk of internal contamination for workers. NPPs have always paidless attention to this due to the lower probability of occurence, however. We introduces the requirements and procedures, for alpha measurement and protectionin PWR NPPs,of the French Electric Power Company (EDF) and the (United States) Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). In view of the problems existing in domestic NPPs with respect to alpha contamination control, we make suggestions forimprovement.

Key words: Radiation protection, Alpha measurement, NPP

中图分类号: 

  • TL75+1