基因组不稳定性与辐射致癌

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 辐射可以诱导受照细胞及子代基因组不稳定性的发生。基因组不稳定性导致基因的突变率增加,并通过多种机制致癌。本文简要介绍了基因组不稳定性的可能机制,及其在辐射致癌中的作用。

Abstract: Ionizing radiation induces genomic stability, which is transmitted over many generations after irradiation. Since induced genomic instability accumulates gene mutations, it has been thought to playa role in radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Understanding the mechanism of genomic instability will provide unique opportunities to identify new diagnosis andtherapeutic targets. This review focuses on recent discoveries on the mechanismsgoverning the formation of genomic instability.

Key words: Genomic instability, Radiation-induced carcinogenesis, Mechanism

中图分类号:

Q691

原雅艺, 左雅慧. 基因组不稳定性与辐射致癌[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2014, 34(2): 24-27.

Yuan Yayi, Zuo Yahui. Mechanisms and Role of Genomic Instability in Radiation-induced Carcinogenesis[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN, 2014, 34(2): 24-27.

参考文献

[1] ICRP. 国际放射防护委员会2007年建议书[M]. 北京:原子能出版社, 2008.
[2] 刘静. 电离辐射诱导B1B细胞基因组非稳定性的实验研究[D]. 吉林大学, 2010:5.
[3] 陶厚权, 王瑞年. DNA修复障碍、基因组不稳定性与癌症[J]. 中国肿瘤, 2003,12(2):101.
[4] 周平坤, 霍艳英, 吴德昌. 辐射致癌效应与机制[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2007,27(1):9.
[5] Dianov G L, Hübscher U. Mammalian Base Excision Repair: the Forgotten Archangel[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2013,41(6):3483.
[6] Bailis J M, Gordon M L, Gurgel J L, et al. An Inducible, Isogenic Cancer Cell Line System for Targeting the State of Mismatch Repair Deficiency[J]. PLOS One, 2013,8(10):e78726.
[7] Marder B A, Morgan W F. Delayed Chromosomal Instability Induced by DNA Damage[J]. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, 1993,13(11):6667.
[8] Hühn D, Bolck H A, Sartori A A. Targeting DNA Double-strand Break Signalling and Repair: Recent Advances in Cancer Therapy[J]. Swiss Medical Weekly, 2013,143:w13837.
[9] Huang Y, Li L. DNA Crosslinking Damage and Cancer—a Tale of Friend and Foe[J]. Translation Cancer Research, 2013,2(3):144.
[10] 赵婷, 叶飞, 贺鹏博, 等. 辐照诱导人正常肝细胞系HL-7702 细胞远后的微卫星不稳定性[J]. 原子核物理评论, 2013,30(4):494.
[11] Mullenders L, Atkinson M, Paretzke H, et al. Assessing Cancer Risks of Low-dose Radiation[J]. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2009,9(8):596.
[12] Murnane J P. Telomere Loss as a Mechanism for Chromosome Instability in Human Cancer[J]. Cancer Research, 2010,70(11):4255.
[13] Streffer C. Strong Association between Cancer and Genomic Instability[J]. Radiation Environmental Biophysics, 2010,49(2):125.
[14] Burrell R A. Replication Stress Links Structural and Numerical Cancer Chromosomal Instability[J]. Nature, 2013,494(7438):492.
[15] Bermejo R, Lai M, Foiani M. Preventing Replication Stress to Maintain Genome Stability: Resolving Conflicts between Replication and Transcription[J]. Molecular and Cell therapies, 2012,45(6):710.
[16] Cobb J A. Replisome Instability, Fork Collapse, and Gross Chromosomal Rearrangements Arise Synergistically from Mec1 Kinase and RecQ Helicase Mutations[J]. Genes and Development, 2005,19(24):3055.
[17] Pampalona J, Soler D, Genescà A, et al. Whole Chromosome Loss isPromoted by Telomere Dysfunction in Primary Cells[J]. Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 2010,49(4):368.
[18] Janssen A, van der Burg M, Szuhai K, et al. Chromosome SegregationErrors as a Cause of DNA Damage and Structural Chromosome Aberrations[J]. Science, 2011,333(6051):1895.
[19] Crasta K. DNA Breaks and Chromosome Pulverization from Errors in Mitosis[J]. Nature, 2012,482(7383):53.
[20] Stingele S, Stoehr G. Global Analysis of Genome, Transcriptome andProteome Reveals the Responseto Aneuploidy in Human Cells[J]. Molecular Systems Biology, 2012,8:608.
[21] Thompson S L, Compton D A. Chromosome Missegregation Inhuman CellsArises through Specific Types of Kinetochore-microtubuleattachment Errors[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011,108(44):17974.
[22] Ganem N J, Pellman D. Linking Abnormal Mitosis to the Acquisitionof DNA Damage[J]. The Journal of Cell Biology, 2012,199(6):871.
[23] Semenza G L. Hypoxia-inducible Factors in Physiology and Medicine[J]. Cell, 2012,148(3):399.
[24] Doe M R, Ascano J M, Kaur M, et al. Myc Posttranscriptionally Induces HIF1 Protein and Target Gene Expression in Normal and Cancer Cells[J]. Cancer Research, 2012,72:949.
[25] Pires I M, Bencokova Z, Milani M, et al. Effects of Acute Versus Chronic Hypoxia on DNA Damage Responses and Genomic Instability[J]. Cancer Research, 2010,70:925.
[26] Bristow R G, Hill R P. Hypoxia and Metabolism, Hypoxia, DNA Repairand Genetic Instability[J]. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2008,8:180.
[27] Vorobtsova I E. Transgenerational Transmission of Radiation-induced Genomic Instability and Predisposition to Garcinogenesis[J]. Voprosy Onkologii, 2008,54(4):490.
[28] Sudo H, Garbe J, Stampfer M R, et al. Karyotypic Instability and Centrosome Aberrations in the Progeny of Finite Life-span Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Exposed to Sparsely or Densely Ionizing Radiation[J]. Radiation Research, 2008,170(1):23.
[29] Naruke Y, Nakashima M, Suzuki K, et al. Genomic Instability in theEpidermis Induced by Atomic Bomb (A-bomb) Radiation: a Long-lasting Health Effect in A-bomb Survivors[J]. Cancer, 2009,115(16):3782.
[30] 王静子, 褚晓源. 低剂量辐射诱导的基因组不稳定性与DNA甲基化相关性研究[J]. 医学研究生学报, 2013,26(8):855.
[31] Mcllrath J, Bouffler S D, Samper E, et al. Telomere Longth Abnomalities in Mammalian Radiosensitive Cells[J]. Cancer Rearch, 2001,61(3):912.
[32] UNSCEAR. Low-dose Radiation Effects on Health[M]. United Nations, New York, 2006.