某核电站放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核检测结果分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对2021年在本院体检的某核电站858名放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核检测结果进行了分析。结果表明,放射工作人员的微核细胞率为4.57‰,微核率为4.89‰;不同年龄段放射工作人员的微核细胞率、微核率差异显著,且随年龄增长呈递增趋势;女性放射工作人员的微核细胞率、微核率均高于男性,但差异无统计学意义;不同放射工龄人员的微核细胞率、微核率差异显著,且随放射工龄延长呈递增趋势。结果提示,应加强放射工作人员的职业健康监护与管理,重点关注放射工龄长、高龄和女性放射工作人员的辐射防护。

关键词: 核电站, 放射工作人员, 外周血淋巴细胞, 微核

Abstract: The results of peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus examination in our hospital in 2021 for 858 radiation workers of a nuclear power plant were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The rate of micronucleated cells in radiation workers was 4.57‰ and the rate of micronucleus was 4.89‰. (2) The micronucleated cell rate and micronucleus rate of radiation workers in different age groups were significantly different, and showed an increasing trend with age; (3) The micronuclear cell rate and micronucleus rate of female radiation workers were higher than males, but the difference was not statistically significant;(4) There were significant differences in the rate of micronucleated cells and micronucleus among people with different radiation service years, and it showed an increasing trend with the increase of radiation service years. It is concluded that occupational health monitoring and management of radiation workers should be strengthened, with emphasis on radiation protection for the elderly and/or female and/or radiation workers with long radiation years.

Key words: Radiation workers, Occupational health monitoring, Abnormality rate, Ionising radiation, Nuclear power plant

中图分类号:

R148

蒋德娟, 赵涵, 刘承军, 姚叶豹, 王松雷, 王晓婷. 某核电站放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核检测结果分析[J]. 辐射防护通讯, 2022, 42(4-5): 30-33.

Jiang Dejuan, Zhao Han, Liu Chengjun, Yao Yebao, Wang Songlei, Wang Xiaoting. Analysis of the Micronucleus Test Results of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytesin Radiation Workers of a NPP[J]. RADIATION PROTECTION BULLETIN, 2022, 42(4-5): 30-33.

参考文献

[1] 赵艳芳,楚彩芳,张钦富,等.浅析核电站职业病危害因素种类与来源[J]. 中国辐射卫生,2016,25(3):372-375.
[2] Lusiyanti Y, Kurnia I, Suvifan VA,et al.Evaluation of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in medical workers chronically exposed to low dose ionizing radiation[J].Biosaint J Biol Biol Educ,2017,9(3):585-591.
[3] 白玉书,陈德清.人类辐射细胞遗传学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:106-112.
[4] 邢家骝,王桂林,罗卫东,等.辐射事故临床医学处理[M].北京:军事医学科学出版社,2006:40-48.
[5] 傅清青,李晓宏,林文斌.厦门市医疗机构放射工作人员健康状况分析[J].中国辐射卫生,2017,26(1):49-51.
[6] 刘征宇,高朝贤,李丽梅,等.深圳市介入放射工作人员外周血液常规与淋巴细胞微核监测分析[J].实用预防医学,2021,28(11):1307-1310.
[7] 姜红,龙高群,张成思.贵州省职业性电离辐射放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核检测分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2019,18(1):25-27.
[8] 杨春旺.山东省放射工作人员职业健康现状调查[D].山东大学,2017.
[9] 王元林,顾理平,苗莉茹.青岛市低剂量电离辐射工作者健康状况调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2006,(4):450-451.
[10] 孟倩倩,张睿凤,张忠新,等. 医疗放射工作人员淋巴细胞微核水平影响因素分析[J].中国辐射卫生,2022,31(3):273-278.
[11] 杨勇,王强,张磊,等.放射工作人员淋巴细胞染色体畸变及微核检测结果分析[J].预防医学,2019,31(5):517-519.
[12] Bonassi S, Fenech M, Lando C, et al. HUman MicroNucleus project:international database comparison for results with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes: I.Effect of laboratory protocol,scoring criteria,and host factors on the frequency of micronuclei[J].Environ Mol Mutagen,2001,37(1):31-45.
[13] Cai T J, Lu X, Tian X L, et al. Effects of age and gender on the baseline and 2 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ-ray-induced nucleoplasmic bridges frequencies in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of Chinese population[J]. Mutat Res/Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen, 2018,832-833: 29-34.
[14] 陆雪,封江彬,田雪蕾,等.小剂量长期慢性照射介入放射学工作人员细胞遗传学指标分析[J].中国职业医学,2021,48(2):208-212.
[15] 郝建秀,姜立平,王彦,等.天津市1411例放射工作人员淋巴细胞微核率分析[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2017,37(11):863-865.
[16] National Research Council. Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation:BEIR VII phase 2[R]. Washington:The National Academies Press, 2006.
[17] Siama Z, Zosang-zuali M, Vanlalruati A, et al. Chronic low dose exposure of hospital workers to ionizing radiation leads to increased micronuclei frequency and reduced antioxidants in their peripheral blood lymphocytes[J]. Int J Radit Biol, 2019, 95(6): 697-709.
[18] 牛丽梅,刘刚,张荣,等.甘肃省2016年放射工作人员职业健康管理现状调查[J].中国辐射卫生,2018,27(5):22-25.