Abstract: High orbit spacecraft typically carry a large amount of liquid fuel, and during orbital maneuvers, the motion of the liquid can cause significant disturbances to the spacecraft's attitude. Developing a simple yet accurate dynamic model for liquid sloshing has important engineering value. This paper introduces several research advances related to equivalent dynamic modeling of liquid sloshing during the development of high orbit spacecraft with large fuel tanks. These include the equivalent modeling methods for arbitrary shaped 3D tanks applied to attitude maintenance modes, and time varying parameter equivalent mechanical modeling methods for large angle attitude maneuvers. The study presents a variable parameter equivalent modeling method based on the continuity of static moments and inertia, and numerical simulations verify the accuracy of the proposed methods.

Key words: high orbit spacecraft, liquid sloshing, equivalent modeling