Abstract: Focusing on the requirement of Los measurement accuracy for the optical satellite observation platform, an error distribution method is studied based on interval analysis theory. Based on the structure of advanced satellite, turntable and camera, the lineofsight vector measurement model and measurement error model between the space camera and the target are established. According to the interval analysis theory, the evaluation method of the error sensitivity is presented. According to the working space of satellite observation platform, the global maximum sensitivity of the error source in threeaxis is get. Setting the global maximum sensitivity as weight coefficient, the error distribution model of the lineofsight measurement of satellite borne observation platform is established. The maximum of 13 error sources is reached by genetic algorithm. Monte Carlo simulation shows that the method is effective, and the method is also applicable to the error distribution of the airborne, vehicle and other observation platforms.